Variations in PM-10 Concentrations Within Two Metropolitan Areas and Their Implications for Health Effects Analyses

Details

• Personal Author:
  Ito K ; Kinney PL ; Thurston GD
• Description:
  Temporal variations of PM-10 levels at multiple sites between 1985 and 1990 in two major metropolitan areas, Cook County, IL, and Los Angeles County, CA, were characterized, and sensitivity of mortality-PM-10 associations to the choice of alternate sites was examined. In both cities, the correlation of PM-10 levels among multiple sites decreased as their distance increased. While averaging PM-10 concentrations over multiple sites generally improved the significance of PM-10-mortality associations, the highest PM-10-mortaiity association in Cook County was found for an individual site. In Cook County, the magnitude of the mortality association for the average of 6 PM-10 sites, as expressed as "relative risk" per 100 micro g/m3 PM-10, was similar (RR = 7.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.10) to those reported in other PM-10 studies with similar model specifications. However, the significance of regression coefficients for individual PM-10 sites varied considerably (t ratios range -0.62 to 3.30). Furthermore, every-6-days subsamples of the daily data at a site in Cook County showed a wide range in the significance of regression coefficients ft ratios range -0.17 to 3.44). This variability of significance among the six sites may be partly due to their small sample sizes (n approximately equal to 300), which raises concern regarding the potential for compromised statistical power of health effects analyses in "short" study periods (< 6 yr) at the current every-6-days sampling frequency used for most PM-10 monitors in the United States. Also, the qualitative site information available, such as land use, location setting, and monitoring objective, did not show any coherent influence on the site's PM-10-mortality association's significance. Overall, it was found that the choice of PM-10 sites and sampling frequency can make a substantial difference in the calculated significance of such health effects time-series analysis. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aerosols Air Pollution Mortality Occupational Health Particulate Matter Safety
• Keywords:
  Air Pollution Air Pollution Sampling Mortality Data Particulates Pollutants Risk Assessment
• ISSN:
  0895-8378
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; OSHA Region 2
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  7
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20060037
• Citation:
  Inhal Toxicol 1995 Jun; 7(5):735-745
• Contact Point Address:
  Kazuhiko Ito, Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center, Long Meadow Road, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
• CAS Registry Number:
  Sulfuric acid (CAS RN 7664-93-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1995
• Performing Organization:
  Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19920701
• Source Full Name:
  Inhalation Toxicology
• End Date:
  19970630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:08e4b4b6d177aa8ada92f07677b693d5c441e90dbe4f8e41310b5e0320d9286f849b4c8db34641b45737f4f2eb0137547f88c633dc5a24f3d1ea5091d2a64130
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/224072/cdc_224072_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 730.59 KB ]