Unrestrained Eating Behavior and Risk of Digestive System Cancers: A Prospective Cohort Study

Details

• Personal Author:
  Chan AT ; Fuchs CS ; Giovannucci EL ; Hu FB ; Meyerhardt JA ; Ng K ; Roberts SB ; Schernhammer ES ; Song M ; Stampfer MJ ; Willett WC ; Wolpin BM ; Zhang Y
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• Description:
  Background: Unrestrained eating behavior, as a potential proxy for diet frequency, timing, and caloric intake, has been questioned as a plausible risk factor for digestive system cancers, but epidemiological evidence remains sparse. Objectives: We investigated prospectively the associations between unrestrained eating behavior and digestive system cancer risk. Methods: Participants in the Nurses' Health Study who were free of cancer and reported dietary information in 1994 were followed for ≤18 y. Cox models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs for unrestrained eating (eating anything at any time, no concern with figure change, or both) and risk of digestive system cancers. Results: During follow-up, 2064 digestive system cancer cases were documented among 70,450 eligible participants in analyses of eating anything at any time, In total, 2081 digestive system cancer cases were documented among 72,468 eligible participants in analyses of no concern with figure change. In fully adjusted analyses, women with the behavior of eating anything at any time had a higher risk of overall digestive system cancer (HR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.35), overall gastrointestinal tract cancer ((HR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.50), buccal cavity and pharynx cancer (HR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.21), esophageal cancer (HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.62), small intestine cancer (HR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.02,3. 59), and colorectal cancer (HR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.38), and a non-statistically significant increased risk of stomach cancer (HR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.96,2.48), compared with women without this behavior. No statistically significant association was observed for pancreatic cancer and liver and gallbladder cancer. The combined effect of eating anything at any time and having no concern with figure change was associated with a significantly increased risk of overall digestive system cancer (HR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.46), overall gastrointestinal tract cancer (HR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.23, 1.71), and colorectal cancer (HR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.63), compared with women exhibiting the opposite. Conclusions: Unrestrained eating behavior was independently associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal tract cancers. The potential importance of unrestrained eating behavior modification in preventing gastrointestinal tract cancers should be noted. Description provided by NIOSH
• Subjects:
  • Behavior
  • Cohort Studies
  • Diet
  • Digestive System
  • Digestive System Diseases
  • Neoplasms
  • Occupational Health
  • Safety
• Keywords:
  • Digestive system
  • Cancer rates
  • Behavior
  • Diet
  • Food
  • Nutrition
  • Gastrointestinal system disorders
  • Cohort studies
  • Author Keywords: Unrestrained eating behavior
  • digestive system cancer
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• ISSN:
  0002-9165
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Connecticut ; Massachusetts ; OSHA Region 1
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  114
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20064078
• Citation:
  Am J Clin Nutr 2021 Nov; 114(5):1612-1624
• Contact Point Address:
  Yin Zhang, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
• Email:
  yin.zhang@channing.harvard.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2022
• Performing Organization:
  Brigham and Women's Hospital, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20100801
• Source Full Name:
  The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
• End Date:
  20190831
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/222604/cdc_222604_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 231.71 KB]
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:8406ce68b598e1cb79716b3bc0e596def0ee8c0c18b4e15a391319571173ade044b793415b4bb7325f1388f9f78cfe80ac4b22f3f9357d77d487eaf8af79fac0