Source Apportionment of Fine Organic Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) in Central Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Details

• Personal Author:
  Berhane K ; Gilliland F ; Kumie A ; Lai A ; Patz J ; Samet J ; Schauer JJ ; Sricharoenvech P ; Tefera W
• Description:
  The development of infrastructure, a rapidly increasing population, and urbanization has resulted in increasing air pollution levels in the African city of Addis Ababa. Prior investigations into air pollution have not yet sufficiently addressed the sources of atmospheric particulate matter. This study aims to identify the major sources of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its seasonal contribution in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Twenty-four-hour average PM2.5 mass samples were collected every 6th day, from November 2015 through November 2016. Chemical species were measured in samples and source apportionment was conducted using a chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model that uses particle-phase organic tracer concentrations to estimate source contributions to PM2.5 organic carbon (OC) and the overall PM2.5 mass. Vehicular sources (28%), biomass burning (18.3%), plus soil dust (17.4%) comprise about two-thirds of the PM2.5 mass, followed by sulfate (6.5%). The sources of air pollution vary seasonally, particularly during the main wet season (June-September) and short rain season (February-April): From motor vehicles, (31.0 +/- 2.6%) vs. (24.7 +/- 1.2%); biomass burning, (21.5 +/- 5%) vs. (14 +/- 2%); and soil dust, (11 +/- 6.4%) vs. (22.7 +/- 8.4%), respectively, are amongst the three principal sources of ambient PM2.5 mass in the city. We suggest policy measures focusing on transportation, cleaner fuel or energy, waste management, and increasing awareness on the impact of air pollution on the public's health. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution Automobiles Dust Occupational Health Particulate Matter Public Health Safety Transportation
• Keywords:
  Airborne Particulates Air Pollution Sampling Author Keywords: Ambient Air Pollution Biomass Burning Chemical Mass Balance CMB Combustion Motor Vehicles Organic Dusts Particle Size Policy Public Health Seasonal Factors Seasonality Soil Dust Soil Sampling Source Apportionment

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• ISSN:
  1660-4601
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Colorado ; New York ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 8 ; OSHA Region 9 ; Wisconsin
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  18
• Issue:
  21
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20064012
• Citation:
  Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 Nov; 18(21):11608
• Contact Point Address:
  Worku Tefera, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia
• Email:
  worku.tefera@aau.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2022
• Performing Organization:
  Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20120922
• Source Full Name:
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
• End Date:
  20150831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1ffc8b58be2f9f377e6308fbc7f18056125c8d287f94ef6a0da9df0bc844ac3515444b45c46220821922af810e73cdf24ad0d51bfa224c17e99b94a7d744167c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/222539/cdc_222539_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 767.22 KB ]