A Biomonitoring Assessment of Secondhand Exposures to Electronic Cigarette Emissions

Details

• Personal Author:
  De Jesús VR ; Holder C ; Johnson JM ; Muilenburg JL ; Naeher LP ; Rathbun SL ; Sosnoff C ; Wang J-S ; Wang L ; Xia B ; Yu X
• Description:
  Background: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) conventions regularly bring together thousands of users around the world. In these environments, secondhand exposures to high concentrations of e-cigarette emissions are prevalent. Some biomarkers for tobacco smoke exposure may be used to characterize secondhand e-cigarette exposures in such an environment. Methods: Participants who did not use any tobacco product attended four separate e-cigarette events for approximately six hours. Urine and saliva samples were collected from participants prior to the event, immediately after the event, 4-h after the event, and the next morning (first void). Urine samples from 34 participants were analyzed for cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, S-(3-hydroxypropyl)-N-acetylcysteine (3-HPMA), S-carboxyethyl-N-acetylcysteine (CEMA), select tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), and 8-isoprostane. Saliva samples were analyzed for cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine. Results: Data from 28 of 34 participants were used in the data analysis. Creatinine-adjusted urinary cotinine concentrations increased up to 13-fold and peaked 4-h after completed exposure (range of adjusted geometric means [AGMs] = 0.352-2.31 ug/g creatinine). Salivary cotinine concentrations were also the highest 4-h after completed exposure (range of AGMs = 0.0373-0.167 ng/mL). Salivary cotinine and creatinine-corrected concentrations of urinary cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, CEMA, and 3-HPMA varied significantly across sampling times. Urinary and salivary cotinine, urinary trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, and urinary 3-HPMA concentrations also varied significantly across events. Conclusion: Secondhand e-cigarette exposures lasting six hours resulted in significant changes in exposure biomarker concentrations of both nicotine and acrolein but did not change exposure to tobacco-specific nitrosamines. Additional research is needed to understand the relationship between biomarker concentrations and environmental concentrations of toxicants in e-cigarette emissions. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Electrical Equipment And Supplies Environmental Monitoring Nicotine Occupational Health Safety Solvents
• Keywords:
  Air Monitoring Biological Monitoring Biomonitoring Cigarette Smoke Electronic Devices Exposure Assessment Secondhand Smoke Vapors
• ISSN:
  1438-4639
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Alabama ; Georgia ; OSHA Region 4 ; Tennessee
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  222
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20058266
• Citation:
  Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019 Jun; 222(5):816-823
• Contact Point Address:
  Jona M. Johnson, Environmental Health Science Department, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, 206 Environmental Health Science Building, Athens, GA 30602, USA
• Email:
  jmogden@uga.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  (-)-Nicotine (CAS RN 54-11-5)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• Performing Organization:
  University of Alabama at Birmingham
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
• End Date:
  20270630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:108de4b4269799695b812ac43c63c1be51bc8d3d7ae9fa3e60ca23fc4476f703b0def908ffd757ef608332f89c879fbdf6efea2be6ea836fdc9f00a5053f02b3
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/221396/cdc_221396_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 738.91 KB ]