Redox Phospholipidomics of Enzymatically Generated Oxygenated Phospholipids as Specific Signals of Programmed Cell Death

Details

• Personal Author:
  Amoscato AA ; Bayir H ; Dar H ; Gabrilovich DI ; He RR ; Kagan VE ; Mallampalli R ; Shvedova AA ; Sun WY ; Tyurin VA ; Tyurina YY ; van der Wel PCA ; Vlasova II
• Description:
  High fidelity and effective adaptive changes of the cell and tissue metabolism to changing environments require strict coordination of numerous biological processes. Multicellular organisms developed sophisticated signaling systems of monitoring and responding to these different contexts. Among these systems, oxygenated lipids play a significant role realized via a variety of re-programming mechanisms. Some of them are enacted as a part of pro-survival pathways that eliminate harmful or unnecessary molecules or organelles by a variety of degradation/hydrolytic reactions or specialized autophageal processes. When these "partial" intracellular measures are insufficient, the programs of cells death are triggered with the aim to remove irreparably damaged members of the multicellular community. These regulated cell death mechanisms are believed to heavily rely on signaling by a highly diversified group of molecules, oxygenated phospholipids (PLox). Out of thousands of detectable individual PLox species, redox phospholipidomics deciphered several specific molecules that seem to be diagnostic of specialized death programs. Oxygenated cardiolipins (CLs) and phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) have been identified as predictive biomarkers of apoptosis and ferroptosis, respectively. This has led to decoding of the enzymatic mechanisms of their formation involving mitochondrial oxidation of CLs by cytochrome c and endoplasmic reticulum-associated oxidation of PE by lipoxygenases. Understanding of the specific biochemical radical-mediated mechanisms of these oxidative reactions opens new avenues for the design and search of highly specific regulators of cell death programs. This review emphasizes the usefulness of such selective lipid peroxidation mechanisms in contrast to the concept of random poorly controlled free radical reactions as instruments of non-specific damage of cells and their membranes. Detailed analysis of two specific examples of phospholipid oxidative signaling in apoptosis and ferroptosis along with their molecular mechanisms and roles in reprogramming has been presented. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biomarkers Energy Metabolism Enzymes Free Radicals Lipids Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Biological Function Cell Death Cell Function Cellular Function Free Radicals Metabolism Molecular Biology Phospholipids
• ISSN:
  0891-5849
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Pennsylvania ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  231-241
• Volume:
  147
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20058206
• Citation:
  Free Radic Biol Med 2020 Feb; 147:231-241
• Email:
  kagan@pitt.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2020
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Free Radical Biology and Medicine
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:f1f2c538acffa8d9ae030ae5fea0e91c3c4032b606e3f83bb615ff36631c077fdcced465b812871a6a370345e6e34ba771a518bcecd0929bfe041d81e16ac26b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/221340/cdc_221340_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.46 MB ]