Occupational Exposure to Chlorinated Solvents and Cardiovascular Malformations

Details

• Personal Author:
  Correa A ; Jackson LW ; Lawson C
• Description:
  To date, the epidemiologic literature has been inconclusive regarding the teratogenicity of organic solvents, primarily due to small sample sizes, limited exposure assessment methods, and grouping of solvents and specific malformations. Given that only three percent of infants are born with major malformations, epidemiologic studies of birth defects are often limited to the case-control design and retrospective assessment of exposure. Many studies have relied upon self-reported occupational exposures or job titles to determine exposure, which may have led to exposure misclassification and attenuation or overestimation of risk estimates. The National Cancer Institute developed a new exposure assessment method that uses task and job exposure matrices developed after an extensive literature review. An industrial hygienist uses the matrices, as well as his/her own experience to infer exposure for each individual job. The standardized and comprehensive source of exposure information, as well as the identification of exposure determinants (location, quantity, ventilation, temperature, operation and mechanism of release) should provide more reliable, and possibly more valid exposure estimates, resulting in less biased effect estimates. Using this new methodology, we carried out a reliability study and found relatively good intra-rater agreement, however, inter-rater agreement tended to be lower, reflective of the different knowledge base of different industrial hygienists. A consensus panel review of the same jobs judged fewer jobs to be exposed than the primary industrial hygienist. These results have important implications for determining the error associated with the retrospective assessment of jobs by industrial hygienists. We are currently examining methods to correct for this measurement error in a case-control study of solvent exposure and cardiovascular malformations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety Solvents Teratogenesis Urogenital System
• Keywords:
  Birth Defects Cardiovascular System Disorders Chlorinated Solvents Exposure Assessment Industrial Hygienists JEM Job Exposure Matrix Occupational Exposure Organic Solvents Reproductive Hazards Teratogens

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• Series:
  Grant Final Reports
• Publisher:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Final Grant Report
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  OEP - Office of Extramural Programs
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-22
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20059383
• NTIS Accession Number:
  PB2021-100117
• Citation:
  Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, R03-OH-009231, 2010 Oct; :1-22
• Contact Point Address:
  Leila W. Jackson, PhD, MPH, Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (WG37), Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-4945
• Email:
  leila.jackson@case.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2011
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Performing Organization:
  Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20070801
• Source Full Name:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• End Date:
  20100731
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:f1b1acfafbae619f86f7c8c39c995cd1995ebed3892ca9db1c94931e1835593b81413b438ab593dd74ce6fd766005403da8e5ac9a83d9f92feb1fe8206704be6
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/218976/cdc_218976_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 130.93 KB ]