Mechanistically-Based in Silico Estimation of Dermal Absorption in the Workplace

Details

• Personal Author:
  Kasting GB ; Kissel JC ; Nitsche JM
• Description:
  A mathematical model that closely mimics percutaneous absorption, tissue concentrations and clearance in human skin in vivo was developed. The model is implemented as an Excel(TM) workbook + add.in package and also as a Java(TM) program available on the NIOSH/CDC website. Unique features of this model include an unprecedented level of detail in relating solute transport to the skin microstructure and the ability to simulate a broad variety of exposure conditions and skin hydration states. A variety of components have been incorporated into the model workbook including: a multi.component vehicle model, a microscopic model of transport in human stratum corneum, a dermal vascular model including solute exchange through capillary loops and lymphatic clearance, and a disposition model for arbitrary doses of volatile organic compounds contacting the skin. Other developing components which have not yet been implemented in the workbook or web version include: slowly reversible binding and a polar pathway in the stratum corneum, transport through hair follicles, and a microscopic model for transport through viable epidermis. Progress has also been made toward quantification of potential effects of skin decontamination procedures on percutaneous absorption and the understanding of the effect of stratum corneum pH and buffer capacity on the transport of acids, bases and salts through skin. Experimental refinement of the model parameters has been achieved through determination of keratin binding coefficients, measurement and interpretation of ionic transport of metal allergens through skin, and determination of the transport of solutes through full thickness dermis. Other significant experimental efforts include in vitro and in vivo skin decontamination experiments and in vitro skin transport experiments involving an acid or a base and its salt at various levels of ionization and dose. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety Skin Skin Absorption Volatile Organic Compounds
• Keywords:
  Computerized Simulation Dermal Absorption Dose Response Mathematical Models Occupational Exposure Skin Absorption VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds
• Series:
  Grant Final Reports
• Publisher:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Final Grant Report
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  OEP - Office of Extramural Programs
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-22
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20056059
• NTIS Accession Number:
  PB2019-101115
• Citation:
  Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, R01-OH-007529, 2013 Oct; :1-22
• Contact Point Address:
  Gerald B. Kasting, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0004
• Email:
  Gerald.Kasting@uc.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2014
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing ; Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
• Performing Organization:
  University of Cincinnati
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20020901
• Source Full Name:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• End Date:
  20130731
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:e5c5d07b6d4d6fafb29772396988fa9665926eb8cb8e9b816e8c666f6b923216956b8b1b9202ad4283aa5967ba041c00e981f4efbe69e0075558f1647002fd6d
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/218876/cdc_218876_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 212.28 KB ]