Quantifying Determinants of Spray Painters’ Isocyanurate Exposure

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bodnar W ; Gold, Avram ; Nylander-French LA ; Zhang Z
• Description:
  Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)-containing spray-paints is limited to the analysis of a hydrolysis metabolite of HDI monomer although polymeric HDI isocyanurate constitutes the predominant inhalation and skin exposures for workers in the automotive paint industry. We developed a novel method to quantify trisaminohexyl isocyanurate (TAHI), as a biomarker of HDI isocyanurate exposure in urine and blood samples collected from occupationally exposed spray-painters. We utilized the quantitative measures of inhalation and skin exposure and the biomarker levels as well as sophisticated exposure modeling to link the observed biomarker levels to other predictors of systemic exposure such as personal and workplace factors. To identify specific metabolites as predictive biomarkers following exposure to HDI isocyanurate, we developed a novel nano-UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for small molecule quantification. Urine samples collected from 72 workers (N = 607) and plasma samples from 69 workers (N = 173) with exposure to HDI-containing spray-paints were processed using a novel sample extraction and treatment method for TAHI. The protocol was sensitive and specific for analysis of a derivatized product of TAHI, trisacetamidohexyl isocyanurate (TAAHI) in workers' urine and plasma with method detection limits at 0.03 ?g/L and at 0.02 ?g/L, respectively. TAHI was detected in 195 of 607 urine samples (55 of 72 workers) and in 26 of 173 plasma samples (15 of 69 workers). A positive linear correlation was observed between the measured total daily breathing-zone HDI isocyanurate concentration and the daily average urine TAHI concentration (r = 0.21), while the respective correlation for HDI monomer and urine 1,6-hexamethylene diamine (HDA, a biomarker of HDI monomer exposure) was r = -0.03. A stronger linear correlation was observed between the measured total daily breathing-zone HDI isocyanurate and the daily plasma TAHI (r = 0.61) while no correlation was observed between HDI monomer and plasma HDA (r = -0.01). Our results confirm that TAHI is a suitable biomarker for HDI isocyanurate exposure and will allows us to distinguish between HDI isocyanurate and HDI monomer exposure and, thus, provide a major advance in characterizing both exposures through multiple exposure routes. The identification and quantification of TAHI as a biomarker of HDI isocyanurate exposure is critical for improvement of diisocyanate exposure assessment through characterization of exposure-dose relationships for both HDI monomer and HDI isocyanurate in occupationally exposed populations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Automobiles Biomarkers Blood Energy Metabolism Environmental Exposure Hematologic Tests Isocyanates Occupational Health Paint Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Skin Urine Workplace

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• Keywords:
  Automotive Industry Blood Samples Diisocyanates Exposure Levels Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Hydrolysis Metabolites Models Molecular Structure Monomers Painters Risk Factors Sampling Skin Exposure Spray Painting Work Environment Workers

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• Series:
  Grant Final Reports
• Publisher:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Final Grant Report
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  OEP - Office of Extramural Programs
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-23
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20051009
• NTIS Accession Number:
  PB2018-100706
• Citation:
  Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, R01-OH-010476, 2017 Nov; :1-23
• Contact Point Address:
  Leena A. Nylander-French, Ph.D., CIH, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 159 Rosenau Hall CB# 7431, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7431
• Email:
  leena_french@unc.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Hexamethylene diisocyanate (CAS RN 822-06-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• Performing Organization:
  University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20140901
• Source Full Name:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• End Date:
  20170831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0dccb9b1282b8320371737ea1e2ccccb9c8a5579a5d0edf004f2734e269cfb81a886683b8fbde4a6987a5078005f787a61b6a539b0de143cc13ff0d3d0983d1f
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/218679/cdc_218679_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.30 MB ]