Worker Exposure Assessment and Hazard Surveillance

Details

• Personal Author:
  Froines JR
• Description:
  There are two significant results from our work, one the identification and specification of the nature of a major unresolved challenge for risk assessment relating to multiple agent exposure and the second significant progress on an approach to the characterization and study of this class of occupational exposures. In particular, in our studies of approaches to assessing the cumulative health risks from aggregate exposures to ionizing radiation and chemicals, we found in the literature essentially no guidance for conducting risk assessment for two agents with different mechanisms of action (i.e., energy deposition from ionizing radiation versus DNS interactions with chemicals) but similar biological endpoints (i.e., chromosomal aberrations, mutations, and cancer). Our analysis reveals that this is due to the absence of both the basic science and an appropriate evaluation framework for the combined effects of mixed-agent exposures. This makes it difficult to determine whether there is truly no interaction or somehow the interaction is masked by the scale of effect observation or inappropriate dose-response assumptions. An evaluation framework is proposed. In a new approach to characterizing multiple agent exposure, we have developed a computer simulation approach that utilizes both qualitative and quantitative workplace data for the purpose of both forecasting the complex multivariate nature of these exposures as well as to plan efficient and cost effective exposure measurement and surveillance programs. We feel that this approach circumvents inherently costly approaches based on measurements alone. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Chromosomes Ergonomics Heat Stress Disorders Hot Temperature Lung Lung Diseases Mutagens Neoplasms Occupational Health Personal Protective Equipment Protective Clothing Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Software

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• Keywords:
  Cancer Chromosome Damage Computer Models Heat Stress Ionizing Radiation Lung Disorders Mutagenesis Mutagenicity Mutation Nuclear Hazards Protective Clothing Synergism Video Display Terminals

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• Series:
  Grant Final Reports
• Publisher:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Final Grant Report
• Place as Subject:
  California ; New Mexico ; OSHA Region 6 ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  OEP - Office of Extramural Programs
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-173
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20023621
• Citation:
  Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, R01-CCR-912034, 2002 Mar; :1-173
• CAS Registry Number:
  1,3-Butadiene (CAS RN 106-99-0) ; Acetone (CAS RN 67-64-1) ; Methyl ethyl ketone (CAS RN 78-93-3) ; Styrene (CAS RN 100-42-5) ; Styrene oxide (CAS RN 96-09-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2002
• NORA Priority Area:
  Work Environment and Workforce: Mixed Exposures
• Performing Organization:
  University of California, Los Angeles, California
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  19950930
• Source Full Name:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• End Date:
  19990929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:6481a1345cd79f86ec37a9a8f5764f4aef54f2da0ceb27fc24ad1444337ac5550ca54cc024be7f9da06e181e0308cd45ca5d168e795316501149c45939e2bf77
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/218022/cdc_218022_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 31.06 MB ]