Ventilation for Work in Confined Spaces

Details

• Personal Author:
  Garrison RP ; Garrison RP
• Description:
  A series of studies was conducted involving experimental testing and computer modeling to evaluate ventilation characteristics and improve design methods for confined spaces (CS). The models were developed in an effort to predict CS ventilation effectiveness and to advance ventilation design technology. Multicellular models of CS ventilation were programmed and tested for two basic variations. Model 1 used experimental data and approximations to represent airflow in the CS. Model 2 used airflow characteristics predicted by another computer model. Mechanical ventilation was far more effective than natural ventilation could have been in CS. In general supply ventilation was more effective than exhaust ventilation. The inlet/outlet elevation had a significant effect on effectiveness with low inlet/outlet elevations being generally more effective in diluting contaminants. Ventilation time decreased with increasing flow rate, but not usually in a linear manner. Significant, variable, and somewhat inconsistent effects on ventilation time were observed by changing the CS model shape. Ventilation effectiveness characteristics varied significantly with contaminant stratification caused by heavier than air contaminants. Dilution ventilation characteristics for simulated toxic concentrations were similar to those for oxygen deficiency caused by nitrogen (7727379). [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Confined Spaces Environmental Monitoring Mining Occupational Health Safety Sewage Ventilation
• Keywords:
  Air-quality-control Air-quality-monitoring Confined-spaces Control-technology Miners NIOSH-Grant Sewer-cleaning Tunneling Ventilation-systems
• Series:
  Grant Final Reports   ; Grant Final Reports  
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Final Grant Report ; Final Grant Report
• Place as Subject:
  Michigan ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  OEP - Office of Extramural Programs ; OEP - Office of Extramural Programs
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-72
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00200822
• NTIS Accession Number:
  PB92-108455
• Citation:
  School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 1991 Mar; :1-72
• Contact Point Address:
  Environmental & Indust Health University of Michigan 1420 Washington Heights Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029
• CAS Registry Number:
  Nitrogen (CAS RN 7727-37-9) ; Nitrogen (CAS RN 7727-37-9)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1991
• NORA Priority Area:
  Research Tools and Approaches: Control Technology and Personal Protective Equipment ; Research Tools and Approaches: Control Technology and Personal Protective Equipment
• Performing Organization:
  University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, Michigan
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  19870101
• Source Full Name:
  School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
• End Date:
  19921231
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:a00bd9803289506e7db5555d7cb540da27a8cf785e5b66103b29eb6ec729990e9e3ed24e6b93ea37568b8ac372da0761a8f95c11a56c1822e204ba1e62873626
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217803/cdc_217803_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.28 MB ]