Estimation of HIV and HBV Infectious Titers in Human Fluids and Tissues

Details

• Personal Author:
  Hattis D ; Strauss H
• Description:
  A four task project was being conducted to assess the risks of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis-B virus (HBV) infection for health care workers. This was the first of the tasks and includes a basic biological description of the two viruses and assess the available information on the distribution of infectious titers in the patients that might be sources of occupational exposure. Two potential vectors of occupational infection were cited: free viral particles and infected cells. Data concerning the distribution of HIV antigen titers in blood suggested that symptomatic stages of HIV infection are associated with increased median titers of free virus and reduced variability in viral titers. One set of serial dilution measurements interpreted in terms of distributions of cell mediated infectious titers for one specific population group, asymptomatic seropositive people, indicated that the median cellular infectious titer for this group may exceed the titer due to free viral particles by something like 500 times. For the later stages of HIV infection, this relationship may not hold. Some limited counts of free viral particles were available in a relatively high titer set of sera along with some older experiments on deliberate experimental inoculation of people with known jaundice producing sera were available sources for the HBV study. The authors conclude that a comparison of these data with the HIV titer data goes a considerable way in explaining the much greater frequency of occupational transmission for HBV than for HIV. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Blood Body Fluids Communicable Diseases Occupational Health Safety Viral Diseases
• Keywords:
  Acquired-immune-deficiency-syndrome AIDS-virus Blood-cells Blood-serum Body-fluids Cooperative-Agreement-U60-CCU-100929 Disease-transmission Immune-system-disorders Infectious-diseases NIOSH-Cooperative-Agreement Viral-infections

  More +
• Series:
  Grant Final Reports
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Final Cooperative Agreement Report
• Place as Subject:
  Massachusetts ; OSHA Region 1
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  OEP - Office of Extramural Programs
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-51
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00189616
• NTIS Accession Number:
  PB90-103334
• Citation:
  Center for Technology, Policy and Industrial Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1989 Jun; :1-51
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1989
• Performing Organization:
  Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  Center for Technology, Policy and Industrial Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 51 pages, 43 references
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:f6ffcf53dd786c48554e6ca37f5be94e809f6b033ff9702ed842c75294939bb57c2fafbd3170e14f7bdb0b51345ec914bc9f89bcaa82de5150a040314bc4fbba
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217762/cdc_217762_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.54 MB ]