Elevated Concentrations of Urinary Triclocarban, Phenol and Paraben Among Pregnant Women in Northern Puerto Rico: Predictors and Trends

Details

• Personal Author:
  Alshawabkeh A ; Ashrap P ; Brown P ; Calafat, Antonia M. ; Cordero JF ; Meeker JD ; Rosario Z ; Vélez-Vega CM ; Watkins DJ ; Ye X
• Description:
  Background: Understanding important sources and pathways of exposure to common chemicals known or suspected to impact human health is critical to eliminate or reduce the exposure. This is particularly important in areas such as Puerto Rico, where residents have higher exposures to numerous chemicals, as well as higher rates of many adverse health outcomes, compared to the mainland US. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess distributions, time trends, and predictors of urinary triclocarban, phenol, and paraben biomarkers measured at multiple times during pregnancy among women living in Northern Puerto Rico. Methods: We recruited 1003 pregnant women between years 2010 and 2016 from prenatal clinics and collected urine samples and questionnaire data on personal care product use at up to three separate visits, between 16 and 28 weeks gestation. Urine samples were analyzed for triclocarban, seven phenols and four parabens: 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,5-dichlorophenol, benzophenone-3, bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F, triclosan, butylparaben, ethylparaben, methylparaben, and propylparaben. Results: Detectable triclocarban, phenol and paraben concentrations among pregnant women were prevalent and tended to be higher than levels measured in women of reproductive age from the general US population, especially triclocarban, which had a median concentration 37 times higher in Puerto Rico participants (2.6 vs 0.07 ng/mL). A decreasing temporal trend was statistically significant for urine concentrations of BPA during the study period, while the BPA substitute BPS showed an increasing temporal trend. Significant and positive associations were found between biomarker concentrations with the products use in the past 48-h (soap, sunscreen, lotion, cosmetics). There was an increasing trend of triclocarban/triclosan urinary concentrations with increased concentrations of triclocarban/triclosan listed as the active ingredient in the bar soap/liquid soap products reported being used. Conclusion: Our results suggest several potential exposure sources to triclocarban, phenols, and parabens in this population and may help inform targeted approaches to reduce exposure. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Biomarkers Cosmetics Endocrine System Occupational Health Phenol Pregnancy Safety Surveys And Questionnaires Women
• Keywords:
  Antimicrobials Author Keywords: Human Biomonitoring Biomonitoring Chemicals Endocrine Disruptors Exposure Assessment Health Effects Humans Lotions Personal Care Products Prenatal Exposure Questionnaires Sampling Soap Products Sunscreening Agents

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• ISSN:
  0160-4120
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Georgia ; Massachusetts ; Michigan ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Puerto Rico
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  121
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20055250
• Citation:
  Environ Int 2018 Dec; 121(Pt 1):990-1002
• Contact Point Address:
  John D. Meeker, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
• Email:
  meekerj@umich.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  2,2-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (CAS RN 80-05-7) ; 2,4-Dichlorophenol (CAS RN 120-83-2) ; 2,5-Dichlorophenol (CAS RN 583-78-8) ; 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (CAS RN 131-57-7) ; Bisphenol S (CAS RN 80-09-1) ; Phenol (CAS RN 108-95-2) ; Triclocarban (CAS RN 101-20-2) ; Triclosan (CAS RN 3380-34-5)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• Performing Organization:
  University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Part Number:
  1
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Environment International
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:e613d84a2011092212ec9e9255f8b990a50a3d8d290d752d9c92d6f24a31a099997a9b3d45d26807668909e45af5bdaa9de44f066f6eb53790976206d54f6c65
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217594/cdc_217594_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 764.00 KB ]