Novel Cutaneous Mediators of Chemical Allergy

Details

• Personal Author:
  Anderson, Stacey E. ; Long CM ; Shane HL
• Description:
  Chemical allergy can manifest into allergic contact dermatitis and asthma and the importance of skin sensitization in both of these diseases is increasingly being recognized. Given the unique characteristics of chemical allergy, coupled with the distinct immunological microenvironment of the skin research is still unraveling the mechanisms through which sensitization and elicitation occur. This review first describes the features of chemical sensitization and the known steps that must occur to develop a chemical allergy. Next, the unique immunological properties of the skin - which may influence chemical sensitization - are highlighted. Additionally, mediators involved with the development of allergy are reviewed, starting with early ones - including the properties of haptens, skin integrity, the microbiome, the inflammasome, and toll-like receptors (TLR). Novel cellular mediators of chemical sensitization are highlighted, including innate lymphoid cells, mast cells, T-helper (TH) cell subsets, and skin intrinsic populations including gammad T-cells and resident memory T-cells. Finally, this review discusses two epigenetic mechanisms that can influence chemical sensitization, microRNAs and DNA methylation. Overall, this review highlights recent research investigating novel mediators of chemical allergy that are present in the skin. It also emphasizes the need to further explore these mediators to gain a better understanding of what makes a chemical an allergen, and how best to prevent the development of chemical-induced allergic diseases. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Asthma Chemistry Hypersensitivity Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Skin Skin Diseases
• Keywords:
  Allergens Allergic Dermatitis Allergic Reactions Allergy Author Keywords: Skin Bronchial Asthma Chemical Chemical Composition Chemical Properties Deoxyribonucleic Acids DNA Immune Mediators Ribonucleic Acids RNA Sensitization Skin Exposure

  More +
• ISSN:
  1547-691X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Montana ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 8 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  13-27
• Volume:
  16
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20055068
• Citation:
  J Immunotoxicol 2019 Dec; 16(1):13-27
• Contact Point Address:
  Hillary L. Shane, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505
• Email:
  HShane@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2020
• NORA Priority Area:
  Healthcare and Social Assistance
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Immunotoxicology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:db7eb534ed64f4a6bbe0f27368e0f50b92a1a19168f5fefdd21abb2527e1b33dd3ca23fc88053e2ffbf11d96572de65c9e81a2c8df9ea4bc7caf2caf4018e6ff
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217445/cdc_217445_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.72 MB ]