Blood Pressure Response to Controlled Diesel Exhaust Exposure in Human Subjects

Details

• Personal Author:
  Cosselman KE ; Jansen K ; Kaufman JD ; Krishnan RM ; Larson TV ; Oron AP ; Peretz A ; Sullivan JH
• Description:
  Exposure to traffic-related air pollution is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. We examined whether exposure to diesel exhaust increased blood pressure (BP) in human subjects. We analyzed data from 45 nonsmoking subjects, 18 to 49 years of age in double-blinded, crossover exposure studies, randomized to order. Each subject was exposed to diesel exhaust, maintained at 200 ug/m3 of fine particulate matter, and filtered air for 120 minutes on days separated by >=2 weeks. We measured BP pre-exposure, at 30-minute intervals during exposure, and 3, 5, 7, and 24 hours from exposure initiation and analyzed changes from pre-exposure values. Compared with filtered air, systolic BP increased at all of the points measured during and after diesel exhaust exposure; the mean effect peaked between 30 and 60 minutes after exposure initiation (3.8 mm Hg [95% CI: -0.4 to 8.0 mm Hg] and 5.1 mm Hg [95% CI: 0.7-9.5 mm Hg], respectively). Sex and metabolic syndrome did not modify this effect. Combining readings between 30 and 90 minutes, diesel exhaust exposure resulted in a 4.4-mm Hg increase in systolic BP, adjusted for participant characteristics and exposure perception (95% CI: 1.1-7.7 mm Hg; P=0.0009). There was no significant effect on heart rate or diastolic pressure. Diesel exhaust inhalation was associated with a rapid, measurable increase in systolic but not diastolic BP in young nonsmokers, independent of perception of exposure. This controlled trial in humans confirms findings from observational studies. The effect may be important on a population basis given the worldwide prevalence of exposure to traffic-related air pollution. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollution Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Epidemiology Occupational Health Particulate Matter Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety
• Keywords:
  Air Pollution Author Keywords: Cardiovascular Autonomic Nervous System Blood Pressure Cardiovascular Disease Diesel Exhaust Health Effects Particulates Risk Factors
• ISSN:
  0194-911X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 10 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  59
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20054958
• Citation:
  Hypertension 2012 May; 59(5):943-948
• Contact Point Address:
  Joel D. Kaufman, University of Washington, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Box 354695, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 302, Seattle, WA 98105
• Email:
  joelk@u.washington.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2012
• Performing Organization:
  University of Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Hypertension
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:942ecebcf9913ab63c6a8a60ec1a09e51cc97efb0a144962d6da0e248ddd53a5860e1f2eaf4a0619c46c469c490209372c7941e9cc38b1b5f741d67de95c8875
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217364/cdc_217364_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 117.25 KB ]