Changes in Atherosclerotic Plaques Induced by Inhalation of Diesel Exhaust

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bai N ; Kaufman JD ; Kavanagh TJ ; Kido T ; Rosenfeld ME ; Suzuki H ; van Breemen C ; van Eeden SF ; Yang G
• Description:
  Objective: Exposure to particulate matter air pollution may be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality; however, the biological mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesize that exposure to diesel exhaust (DE), an important source of traffic-related particulate air pollution, promotes changes of atherosclerotic plaque component that may lead to plaque vulnerability. Methods and results: 30-week old ApoE knockout mice fed with regular chow inhaled DE (at 200 ug/m3 of particulate) or filtered-air (control) for 7 weeks (6 h/day, 5 days/week) (12 mice/group). Total number of alveolar macrophages (p < 0.01) and alveolar macrophages positive for particles (p < 0.0001) were more than 8-fold higher after DE inhalation than the control. DE inhalation caused 1.5 to 3-fold increases in plaque lipid content (p < 0.02), cellularity (p < 0.02), foam cell formation (p < 0.04), and smooth muscle cell content (p < 0.05). The expression of oxidative stress markers, iNOS, CD36, and nitrotyrosine was significantly increased by 1.5 to 2-fold in plaques, with enhanced systemic lipid and DNA oxidation (p < 0.02). Increased foam cells and the expression of iNOS (R2 = 0.72, p = 0.0081) and CD36 (R2 = 0.49, p = 0.015) in plaques were positively correlated with the magnitude of DE exposure. Conclusions: Exposure to DE promotes changes in atherosclerotic plaques characteristic of unstable vulnerable plaques. Increased systemic and plaque oxidative stress markers suggest that these changes in plaques could be due to DE-induced oxidative stress. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollution Animals Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Occupational Health Particulate Matter Safety
• Keywords:
  Air Pollution Animal Studies ApoE Knockout Mice Atherosclerotic Plaque Author Keywords: Diesel Exhaust Cardiovascular Disease Diesel Exhaust Health Effects Oxidative Stress Particulates
• ISSN:
  0021-9150
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 10 ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  299-306
• Volume:
  216
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20054952
• Citation:
  Atherosclerosis 2011 Jun; 216(2):299-306
• Contact Point Address:
  Stephan F. van Eeden, The James Hogg Research Centre, Providence Heart and Lung Institute, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6Z1Y6
• Email:
  Stephan.vanEeden@hli.ubc.ca
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2011
• Performing Organization:
  University of Washington
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Atherosclerosis
• End Date:
  20250630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3a236ffb511b9bbabdda0154f1fcf3af270c52a76f7a6986812766b8fa67e64d2a87bc5725062b9161ecc977533a36cb21c8d74aa533078ab1376942d62e7727
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/217358/cdc_217358_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.76 MB ]