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Development of a Risk Prioritization Framework to Evaluate Consumer Cleaning Product Chemical Ingredients



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  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    Introduction: Associations have been reported between cleaning agent use and asthma in cleaners and hospital workers; Home healthcare workers perform similar tasks, but in residential environments, which have lower ventilation rates than hospitals and long-term care facilities; Wide range of cleaning agents used makes it difficult to prioritize which chemical ingredients pose the greatest risk to users and warrant further study; AIHA Exposure Control Categories may be used in ranking potential exposures under the same set of conditions. Objective: To prioritize cleaning product chemical ingredients by comparing hazard ratios (HR), which are calculated as realistic, worst-case predicted air concentrations (PACs) divided by occupational exposure limits (OELs). Methods: Collection of Ingredient Information: Inventory of two local stores produced a list of 108 cleaning product sprays; Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) were collected by visiting the manufacturer's website or emailing the company; Ingredient information was compiled, with the highest ingredient concentration used for calculations. Defining Realistic Worst-Case Conditions: Ingredient concentration was determined as highest % in the range given or as 1% default value if "no hazardous chemical in excess of 1%" statement was present on SDS; Application mass= 15 grams,5 Volume of small room= 10 m3, no ventilation, 15 minute exposure; OEL is the lowest STEL or 8-hour TWA from ACGIH, NIOSH, or OSHA. Chemicals with a TWA but no STEL had a surrogate STEL calculated as 3*TWA.6 Calculation of Predicted Air Concentration: 1) Mass in air = 15 grams * (% mass concentration); 2) Air Concentration= Mass in Air/Room Volume (10 m3); 3) PAC (ppm)= PAC (mg/m3) * (24.45/Molecular Weight); 4) STEL HR = PAC/STEL TWA HR= (PAC * 15/480)/TWA. Results: approximately 20% of products did not have SDSs available; approximately 20% of products had an SDS, but no chemicals listed under Section 3 (Statement: No Hazardous Ingredients Above 1%); Remaining 60% of products with volatile ingredients had hazard ratios calculated. Limitations: Can't be used to evaluate ingredients that are nonvolatile (NaOH, Oxalic Acid) or depend on chemical reactions for generation/decomposition (bleach/chlorine, H2O2). Conclusions: Consumer cleaning products contain volatile irritant chemicals that can produce air concentrations of concern. Using AIHA's Exposure Category Framework, ingredients can be ranked by Hazard Ratio under similar conditions, prioritizing chemicals that warrant further study. High HRs were typically due to low OELs, except for ethanol, where the HR was due to high % concentration. [Description provided by NIOSH]
  • Subjects:
  • Keywords:
  • Publisher:
    University of Cincinnati
  • Document Type:
    Text
  • Funding:
    Grant
  • Genre:
    Abstract or Summary
  • Place as Subject:
  • CIO:
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Topic:
    Workplace Safety & Health
  • Location:
    North America
  • Pages in Document:
    1
  • NIOSHTIC Number:
    nn:20054916
  • Citation:
    19th Annual Pilot Research Project Symposium, University of Cincinnati Education and Research Center, October 11-12, 2018, Cincinnati, Ohio. Cincinnati, OH: University of Cincinnati, 2018 Oct; :1
  • Federal Fiscal Year:
    2019
  • Performing Organization:
    University of Cincinnati
  • Peer Reviewed:
    False
  • Start Date:
    20050701
  • Source Full Name:
    19th Annual Pilot Research Project Symposium, University of Cincinnati Education and Research Center, October 11-12, 2018, Cincinnati, Ohio
  • End Date:
    20260630
  • Collection(s):
  • Main Document Checksum:
    urn:sha-512:5c9dc7270559f1a3394cb4b5ac588d8efaee33ec8f85b52ae78824bcf483f9af3f57742342c7656ceed8efb64f854ad82a6d027bacd10bd657bcdcab69bf5769
  • Download URL:
  • File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 258.24 KB ]
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