Face Mask Use and Persistence of Livestock-Associated Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Carriage Among Industrial Hog Operation Workers and Household Contacts, USA

Details

• Personal Author:
  Carroll KC ; Hall D ; Heaney CD ; Larsen J ; Love DC ; Nadimpalli ML ; Perl TM ; Pierce E ; Pisanic N ; Stewart JR ; Tekle T
• Description:
  BACKGROUND: Industrial hog operation (IHO) workers may persistently carry antibiotic-resistant, livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus in their nasal cavities. It is unclear whether IHO work activities can alter IHO workers' and their household members' exposure to these bacteria. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate the relationship of IHO work activities with persistence of antibiotic-resistant, livestock-associated S. aureus nasal carriage among IHO workers and their household members. METHODS: At biweekly intervals over 4 months, IHO workers and their household members completed questionnaires and provided nasal swabs that were assessed for S. aureus, multidrug-resistant S. aureus (MDRSA), and livestock-associated markers (tetracycline resistance, scn absence, spa type). We examined the association between transient and habitual IHO work activities and S. aureus nasal carriage outcomes. RESULTS: One hundred one IHO workers and 79 household members completed 1,456 study visits. Face mask use (each 25% increase) was associated with reduced odds of nasal carriage of MDRSA (odds ratio [OR]: 0.65 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.46, 0.92], tetracycline-resistant S. aureus [OR = 0.74 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.97)], and S. aureus clonal complex (CC) 398/CC9 [OR = 0.77 (95% CI: 0.60, 0.99)]. IHO workers who ever (vs. never) gave pigs injections had higher odds of these outcomes. Among household members, living with an IHO worker who consistently (>/= 80% of the time) versus sometimes or never used a face mask was associated with reduced odds of carrying scn-negative S. aureus, tetracycline-resistant S. aureus, and S. aureus CC398/CC9 (OR range: 0.12. 0.20, all <0:05), and consistent IHO worker coveralls use was associated with reduced odds of household member MDRSA carriage only. Living with an IHO worker who habitually had contact with >/= 4,000 hogs (vs. < 4000) was associated with higher odds of household member livestock-associated S. aureus carriage. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent face mask use was associated with reduced exposure to antibiotic-resistant, livestock-associated S. aureus among IHO workers and their household members. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Agriculture Animals Livestock Nose Occupational Health Personal Protective Equipment Respiratory Protective Devices Safety Sense Organs
• Keywords:
  Agricultural Workers Animal Husbandry Workers Antimicrobial Resistance Face Masks Livestock Industry Nasal Cavity Staphylococcus Aureus Infection
• ISSN:
  0091-6765
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; North Carolina ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 6 ; Texas
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  126
• Issue:
  12
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20054187
• Citation:
  Environ Health Perspect 2018 Dec; 126(12):127005
• Contact Point Address:
  C. D. Heaney, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
• Email:
  cheaney1@jhu.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• Performing Organization:
  Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20120701
• Source Full Name:
  Environmental Health Perspectives
• End Date:
  20150630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c27730a7833066aadc5827700a2a1271865e194c98d63b46ae9511b3e7d60313ddcaac9b63d2cf49173edc2a5f0a3f772a57587f8ee20fbe1abcbe50ea777d21
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/216800/cdc_216800_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 163.91 KB ]