Quantification and Statistical Modeling–Part I: Breathing Zone Concentrations of Monomeric and Polymeric 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate

Details

• Personal Author:
  Ding K ; Fent, Kenneth W. ; Flack SL ; Herring AH ; Nylander-French LA ; Thomasen JM ; Trelles Gaines LG ; Whittaker SG
• Description:
  We conducted a repeated exposure-assessment survey for task-based breathing-zone concentrations (BZCs) of monomeric and polymeric 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) during spray painting on 47 automotive spray painters from North Carolina and Washington State. We report here the use of linear mixed modeling to identify the primary determinants of the measured BZCs. Both one-stage (N=98 paint tasks) and two-stage (N=198 paint tasks) filter sampling was used to measure concentrations of HDI, uretidone, biuret, and isocyanurate. The geometric mean (GM) level of isocyanurate (1410 ug m-3) was higher than all other analytes (i.e. GM<7.85 ug m-3). The mixed models were unique to each analyte and included factors such as analyte-specific paint concentration, airflow in the paint booth, and sampler type. The effect of sampler type was corroborated by side-by-side one- and two-stage personal air sampling (N=16 paint tasks). According to paired t-tests, significantly higher concentrations of HDI (P=0.0363) and isocyanurate (P=0.0035) were measured using one-stage samplers. Marginal R2 statistics were calculated for each model; significant fixed effects were able to describe 25, 52, 54, and 20% of the variability in BZCs of HDI, uretidone, biuret, and isocyanurate, respectively. Mixed models developed in this study characterize the processes governing individual polyisocyanate BZCs. In addition, the mixed models identify ways to reduce polyisocyanate BZCs and, hence, protect painters from potential adverse health effects. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollution Automobiles Isocyanates Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Air Quality Monitoring Author Keywords: Air Sampling Automobile Repair Shops Breathing Zone Diisocyanates Exposure Assessment Exposure Determinants Hexamethylene Diisocyanate Isocyanate Paint Spraying Statistical Modeling

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• ISSN:
  0003-4878
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  North Carolina ; OSHA Region 4
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  53
• Issue:
  7
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20054128
• Citation:
  Ann Occup Hyg 2009 Oct; 53(7):677-689
• Contact Point Address:
  Leena A. Nylander-French, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7431, USA
• Email:
  leena_french@unc.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Biuret (CAS RN 108-19-0) ; Hexamethylene diisocyanate (CAS RN 822-06-0)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2010
• Performing Organization:
  University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Annals of Occupational Hygiene
• End Date:
  20270630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1535012dacef0ac15bab6aa62bad7155d1fc9b11e581c81d8c94c52b1ec93797a418ce00edf9c2576f290850d8ea1dd835f8431db909cd3dfbc518580f1c806b
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/216762/cdc_216762_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 155.79 KB ]