Contrasting Causal Effects of Workplace Interventions

Details

• Personal Author:
  Brown DM ; Eisen EA ; Garcia E ; Izano MA ; Neophytou AM
• Description:
  Occupational exposure guidelines are ideally based on estimated effects of static interventions that assign constant exposure over a working lifetime. Static effects are difficult to estimate when follow-up extends beyond employment because their identifiability requires additional assumptions. Effects of dynamic interventions that assign exposure while at work, allowing subjects to leave and become unexposed thereafter, are more easily identifiable but result in different estimates. Given the practical implications of exposure limits, we explored the drivers of the differences between static and dynamic interventions in a simulation study where workers could terminate employment because of an intermediate adverse health event that functions as a time-varying confounder. The two effect estimates became more similar with increasing strength of the health event and outcome relationship and with increasing time between health event and employment termination. Estimates were most dissimilar when the intermediate health event occurred early in employment, providing an effective screening mechanism. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cohort Studies Epidemiology Hazardous Substances Longevity Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety Workplace
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Dynamic Interventions Cohort Studies Employee Exposure Exposure Assessment Exposure Limits Health Effects Health Hazards Health Standards Healthy Worker Survivor Effect Intervention Intervention Effectiveness Lifespan Occupational Exposure Occupational Hazards Occupational Safety And Health Administration OSHA Risk Assessment Standards Static Interventions Unemployment Work Environment Worker Health Workers Workplace Interventions Workplace Studies

  More +
• ISSN:
  1044-3983
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  29
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20052976
• Citation:
  Epidemiology 2018 Jul; 29(4):542-546
• Contact Point Address:
  Ellen A. Eisen, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, 50 University Hall #7360, Berkeley, CA 94720
• Email:
  eeisen@berkeley.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• Performing Organization:
  University of California, Berkeley
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20120701
• Source Full Name:
  Epidemiology
• End Date:
  20160630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:921d35d26ced2864aeebde4370f54b56db04958ff94e23757c9f7e33d0852679f7289506ee4dec2408fd0356d4caaa8fd2e6f89579ac0fe08d16ed0b15d902ca
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/215857/cdc_215857_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 483.25 KB ]