In Vitro Toxicity Assessment of Emitted Materials Collected During the Manufacture of Water Pipe Plastic Linings

Details

• Personal Author:
  Boor BE ; Howarter JA ; Kobos, Lisa ; Shannahan J ; Teimouri Sendesi SM ; Whelton AJ
• Description:
  Objectives: US water infrastructure is in need of widespread repair due to age-related deterioration. Currently, the cured-in-place (CIPP) procedure is the most common method for water pipe repair. This method involves the on-site manufacture of a new polymer composite plastic liner within the damaged pipe. The CIPP process can release materials resulting in occupational and public health concerns. To understand hazards associated with CIPP-related emission exposures, an in vitro toxicity assessment was performed. Materials and Methods: Mouse alveolar epithelial and alveolar macrophage cell lines and condensates collected at 3 worksites utilizing styrene-based resins were utilized for evaluations. All condensate samples were normalized based on the major emission component, styrene. Further, a styreneonly exposure group was used as a control to determine mixture related toxicity. Results: Cytotoxicity differences were observed between worksite samples, with the CIPP worksite 4 sample inducing the most cell death. A proteomic evaluation was performed, which demonstrated styrene-, worksite-, and cell-specific alterations. This examination of protein expression changes determined potential biomarkers of exposure including transglutaminase 2, advillin, collagen type 1, perilipin- 2, and others. Pathway analysis of exposure-induced proteomic alterations identified MYC and p53 to be regulators of cellular responses. Protein changes were also related to pathways involved in cell damage, immune response, and cancer. Conclusions: Together these findings demonstrate potential risks associated with the CIPP procedure as well as variations between worksites regarding emissions and toxicity. Our evaluation identified biological pathways that require a future evaluation and also demonstrates that exposure assessment of CIPP worksites should examine multiple chemical components beyond styrene, as many cellular responses were styrene-independent. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Blood Chemistry Construction Industry Cytotoxins Hazardous Substances Immune System Laboratories Lung Macrophages Manufacturing And Industrial Facilities Neoplasms Occupational Health Plastics Polymers Public Health Respiratory System Safety Styrene Toxicology

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• Keywords:
  Alveolar Cells Author Keywords: Cured-in-place Pipe Cancer Cell Alteration Cell Death Cellular Reactions Chemical Composition Construction Equipment Curing Agents Curing Compounds Cytotoxicity Drinking Water Epithelial Cells Equipment Maintenance Exposure Assessment Hazardous Materials Health Effects Immune Reaction In Vitro Study Laboratory Animals Laboratory Testing Lung Cells Manufacturing Plastic Products Plastic Seals Proteins Proteomics Public Health Public Utilities Reinforced Plastics Styrene Styrene Resins Toxic Materials Toxic Vapors Water Industry

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• ISSN:
  0895-8378
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Illinois ; Indiana ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  131-146
• Volume:
  31
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20057911
• Citation:
  Inhal Toxicol 2019 Mar; 31(4):131-146
• Contact Point Address:
  Jonathan Shannahan, School of Health Sciences, College of Human and Health Sciences, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
• Email:
  jshannah@purdue.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Styrene (CAS RN 100-42-5)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• Performing Organization:
  University of Illinois at Chicago
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Inhalation Toxicology
• End Date:
  20290630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:d4ff84a209c0cb5a7e9c53e3596bd8abc0c8d2d32c1dc344f1217593e040e56e913f21561a6de0553c32ede1f2773808936318ed17a843af2b1f54e95e6c206c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/215115/cdc_215115_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 2.79 MB ]