Flavorings-Related Lung Disease: A Brief Review and New Mechanistic Data

Details

• Personal Author:
  Battelli LA ; Clingerman SM ; Cole A ; Cummings, Kristin J. ; Cumpston A ; Dodd TM ; Fedan, Jeffery S. ; Flesher JR ; Fluharty KL ; Hubbs, Ann F. ; Jackson M ; Kashon M ; Kreiss, Kathleen ; Lee R ; O'Connell R ; Orandle MS ; Pagel S ; Sriram K
• Description:
  Flavorings-related lung disease is a potentially disabling and sometimes fatal lung disease of workers making or using flavorings. First identified almost 20 years ago in microwave popcorn workers exposed to butter-flavoring vapors, flavorings-related lung disease remains a concern today. In some cases, workers develop bronchiolitis obliterans, a severe form of fixed airways disease. Affected workers have been reported in microwave popcorn, flavorings, and coffee production workplaces. Volatile a-dicarbonyl compounds, particularly diacetyl (2,3-butanedione) and 2,3-pentanedione, are implicated in the etiology. Published studies on diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione document their ability to cause airway epithelial necrosis, damage biological molecules, and perturb protein homeostasis. With chronic exposure in rats, they produce airway fibrosis resembling bronchiolitis obliterans. To add to this knowledge, we recently evaluated airway toxicity of the 3-carbon a-dicarbonyl compound, methylglyoxal. Methylglyoxal inhalation causes epithelial necrosis at even lower concentrations than diacetyl. In addition, we investigated airway toxicity of mixtures of diacetyl, acetoin, and acetic acid, common volatiles in butter flavoring. At ratios comparable to workplace scenarios, the mixtures or diacetyl alone, but not acetic acid or acetoin, cause airway epithelial necrosis. These new findings add to existing data to implicate a-dicarbonyl compounds in airway injury and flavorings-related lung disease. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Diacetyl Flavoring Agents Laboratories Lung Diseases Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Acetoin Airway Disease Airway Obstruction Author Keywords: Diacetyl Bronchiolitis Etiology Flavorings Food Additives Histopathology Inhalation Laboratory Animals Lung Disease Obliterative Bronchiolitis Proteostasis Respiratory Toxicity

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• ISSN:
  0192-6233
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Alaska ; California ; Colorado ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 8 ; OSHA Region 9 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; RHD - Respiratory Health Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  47
• Issue:
  8
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20057773
• Citation:
  Toxicol Pathol 2019 Dec; 47(8):1021-1026
• Contact Point Address:
  Ann F. Hubbs, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1095 Willowdale Rd., Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
• Email:
  ahubbs@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  2,3-Pentanedione (CAS RN 600-14-6) ; Acetoin (CAS RN 513-86-0) ; Butanedione (CAS RN 431-03-8) ; Methylglyoxal (CAS RN 78-98-8)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2020
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Toxicologic Pathology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1da192299708a46e6ed68b702a75885988087554448093dc89939010e47c7f73b202de0e001a526d540796090e4b42a9c60e58a3cef9bd4f6f8279ce3a53afa2
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/215006/cdc_215006_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.21 MB ]