Risk Assessment for Metalworking Fluids and Respiratory Outcomes

Details

• Personal Author:
  Park RM
• Description:
  Background: Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are mixtures with inhalation exposures as mists, dusts, and vapors, and dermal exposure in the dispersed and bulk liquid phase. A quantitative risk assessment was performed for exposure to MWF and respiratory disease. Methods: Risks associated with MWF were derived from published studies and NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluations, and lifetime risks were calculated. The outcomes analyzed included adult onset asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, pulmonary function impairment, and reported symptoms. Incidence rates were compiled or estimated, and annual proportional loss of respiratory capacity was derived from cross-sectional assessments. Results: A strong healthy worker survivor effect was present. New-onset asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, at 0.1 mg/m3 MWF under continuous outbreak conditions, had a lifetime risk of 45%; if the associated microbiological conditions occur with only 5% prevalence, then the lifetime risk would be about 3%. At 0.1 mg/m3, the estimate of excess lifetime risk of attributable pulmonary impairment was 0.25%, which may have been underestimated by a factor of 5 or more by a strong healthy worker survivor effect. The symptom prevalence associated with respiratory impairment at 0.1 mg/m3 MWF was estimated to be 5% (published studies) and 21% (Health Hazard Evaluations). Conclusion: Significant risks of impairment and chronic disease occurred at 0.1 mg/m3 for MWFs in use mostly before 2000. Evolving MWFs contain new ingredients with uncharacterized long-term hazards. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Asthma, Occupational Chronic Disease Epidemiology Occupational Health Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Skin
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Benchmark Dose Chronic Diseases Dermal Exposures Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Inhalation Metalworking Fluids MWFs Occupational Asthma Respiratory System Disorders Risk Assessment Survivor Effect

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• ISSN:
  2093-7911
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Ohio ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSI - Division of Science Integration
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  428-436
• Volume:
  10
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20057541
• Citation:
  Saf Health Work 2019 Dec; 10(4):428-436
• Contact Point Address:
  Robert M. Park, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati 45226-1998, OH
• Email:
  rhp9@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2020
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Safety and Health at Work
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:bb7843ea77d05d60af18d91fba9a6d781ce9e0548421d78e19253ead293c666d30d0a6a3252e2e355b533f19f944e382e9c01c5d7d84aea63860d1922dde5c6e
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/214859/cdc_214859_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 461.61 KB ]