Inhalability and Personal Sampler Performance for Large Particles

Details

• Personal Author:
  Hinds WC
• Description:
  Inhalation of large particles, those with aerodynamic diameters from 10 um to approximately 200 um, represents an important potential exposure route that has not been well characterized. Although IS0 and ACGIH have recommended criteria for sampling of particles up to 100 um, few data are available for inhalability and personal sampler performance for particles larger than 30 um and none for particles larger than 100 um. Experimental measurements of inhalability were conducted for eight particle sizes, 10 < da < 145 um, under simulated occupational exposure conditions using a life-size, full-torso mannequin in a low velocity wind tunnel (1.6 x 1.6 m cross-section) at wind velocities from 0.4 to 1.8 -1. The mannequin was positioned at fixed angles of 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 degrees to the wind direction and rotated continuously about 360 degrees. Mouth and nose breathing with a breathing cycle corresponding to a work rate of 34 W was used. Inhalability results at 0 degrees orientation show good agreement with published data for inhalation-only breathing (no exhalation through the mouth). Orientation averaged inhalability agrees with published data for particles less than 40 um but is significantly lower in the 40-145 um aerodynamic size range. Nose inhalability is significantly lower than mouth inhalability for da > 60 um. The tunnel was also used to evaluate the sampling performance of 37 mm disposable filter cassettes and the Institute for Occupational Medicine (IOM) IPM personal sampler, mounted in the breathing zone of the mannequin. Samplers were operated at a steady flow rate of 2 l min-1. Orientation averaged tests were carried out at tunnel wind velocities of 1.0 and 1.8 m s-1 with the mannequin "breathing" at a minute volume of 20.8 I min-1 (equivalent to a work rate of 34 W). The samplers show good agreement for particle sizes less than 20 um; however, the IOM sampler showed significantly greater aspiration efficiency than the 37 mm filter cassettes for da > 40 um. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Environmental Monitoring Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Safety
• Keywords:
  Air-quality-measurement Inhalation-studies Particulate-sampling-methods Particulates Sampling-equipment Sampling-methods
• ISSN:
  0021-8502
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  California ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  26
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20056869
• Citation:
  J Aerosol Sci 1995 Jan; 26(1):153
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1995
• NORA Priority Area:
  Grants Other
• Performing Organization:
  Department of Environmental Health Sciences, UCLA School of Public Health, 10833 LeConte Ave, Los Angeles, California 90095-1772
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19940930
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Aerosol Science
• End Date:
  19980929
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:e406eafbe5364847b056f892eaeafc6ed52356c97189f568a154350ebc08caae0a3519ad9d8901144b26209183a0c2d0a9242cef67341fd2d0b98224997aa1c0
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/214367/cdc_214367_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 89.76 KB ]