Seroepidemiologic Survey of Epidemic Cholera in Haiti to Assess Spectrum of Illness and Risk Factors for Severe Disease

Details

• Alternative Title:
  Am J Trop Med Hyg
• Personal Author:
  Jackson, Brendan R. ; Talkington, Deborah F. ; Pruckler, James M. ; Fouché, M. D. Bernadette ; Lafosse, Elsie ; Nygren, Benjamin ; Gómez, Gerardo A. ; Dahourou, Georges A. ; Archer, W. Roodly ; Payne, Amanda B. ; Hooper, W. Craig ; Tappero, Jordan W. ; Derado, Gordana ; Magloire, Roc ; Gerner-Smidt, Peter ; Freeman, Nicole ; Boncy, Jacques ; Mintz, Eric D.
• Corporate Authors:
  Cholera Serosurvey Working Group
• Description:
  To assess the spectrum of illness from toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 and risk factors for severe cholera in Haiti, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in a rural commune with more than 21,000 residents. During March 22-April 6, 2011, we interviewed 2,622 residents ≥ 2 years of age and tested serum specimens from 2,527 (96%) participants for vibriocidal and antibodies against cholera toxin; 18% of participants reported a cholera diagnosis, 39% had vibriocidal titers ≥ 320, and 64% had vibriocidal titers ≥ 80, suggesting widespread infection. Among seropositive participants (vibriocidal titers ≥ 320), 74.5% reported no diarrhea and 9.0% had severe cholera (reported receiving intravenous fluids and overnight hospitalization). This high burden of severe cholera is likely explained by the lack of pre-existing immunity in this population, although the virulence of the atypical El Tor strain causing the epidemic and other factors might also play a role.
• Subjects:
  Adolescent Adult Aged Aged, 80 And Over Child Child, Preschool Cholera Female Humans Infant Male Middle Aged Odds Ratio Risk Factors Seroepidemiologic Studies Young Adult

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• Source:
  Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013; 89(4):654-664.
• DOI:
  http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.13-0208
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Name as Subject:
  3rd Anniversary of the Cholera Outbreak in Haiti
• Place as Subject:
  Haiti
• Volume:
  89
• Issue:
  4
• Collection(s):
  CDC Public Access
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:8ba70fc344045c25646b07024a641a81582f315741f005e64fc748274844511cbc6d113d71373480ae162049d7583840e59d9cf69d03db365a07b241f7d06a1e
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/21337/cdc_21337_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 825.80 KB ]