Seroepidemiologic Survey of Epidemic Cholera in Haiti to Assess Spectrum of Illness and Risk Factors for Severe Disease

Jackson, Brendan R.; Talkington, Deborah F.; Pruckler, James M.; Fouché, M. D. Bernadette; Lafosse, Elsie; Nygren, Benjamin; Gómez, Gerardo A.; Dahourou, Georges A.; Archer, W. Roodly; Payne, Amanda B.; Hooper, W. Craig; Tappero, Jordan W.; Derado, Gordana; Magloire, Roc; Gerner-Smidt, Peter; Freeman, Nicole; Boncy, Jacques; Mintz, Eric D.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.13-0208

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Seroepidemiologic Survey of Epidemic Cholera in Haiti to Assess Spectrum of Illness and Risk Factors for Severe Disease

Published Date:

Oct 2013

Publisher's site:

http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.13-0208 New Site Icon

Source:

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013; 89(4):654-664.

[PDF-825.80 KB]

Details:

Personal Authors:

Jackson, Brendan R. ; Talkington, Deborah F. ; Pruckler, James M. ; Fouché, M. D. Bernadette ; Lafosse, Elsie ; ... More ▼

Corporate Authors:

Cholera Serosurvey Working Group

Keywords:

[+]

Description:

To assess the spectrum of illness from toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 and risk factors for severe cholera in Haiti, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in a rural commune with more than 21,000 residents. During March 22-April 6, 2011, we interviewed 2,622 residents ≥ 2 years of age and tested serum specimens from 2,527 (96%) participants for vibriocidal and antibodies against cholera toxin; 18% of participants reported a cholera diagnosis, 39% had vibriocidal titers ≥ 320, and 64% had vibriocidal titers ≥ 80, suggesting widespread infection. Among seropositive participants (vibriocidal titers ≥ 320), 74.5% reported no diarrhea and 9.0% had severe cholera (reported receiving intravenous fluids and overnight hospitalization). This high burden of severe cholera is likely explained by the lack of pre-existing immunity in this population, although the virulence of the atypical El Tor strain causing the epidemic and other factors might also play a role.

Document Type:

Journal Article

Collection(s):

CDC Public Access

Supporting Files:

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