Influence of Maternal Bone Lead Burden and Calcium Intake on Levels of Lead in Breast Milk over the Course of Lactation

Details

• Personal Author:
  Amarasiriwardena C ; Aro A ; Ettinger AS ; Hernández-Avila M ; Hu H ; Peterson KE ; Schwartz J ; Téllez-Rojo MM
• Description:
  The authors studied 367 women who were breastfeeding their infants in Mexico City, Mexico, between 1994 and 1995 to evaluate the effect of cumulative lead exposure, breastfeeding practices, and calcium intake on breast milk lead levels over the course of lactation. Maternal blood and breast milk lead levels were measured at 1, 4, and 7 months postpartum. Bone lead measurements were obtained at 1 month postpartum. At 1, 4, and 7 months postpartum, respectively, the mean breast milk lead levels were 1.4 (standard deviation (SD), 1.1), 1.2 (SD, 1.0), and 0.9 (SD, 0.8) microg/liter and showed a significant decreasing trend over the course of lactation (p < 0.00001). The relations of bone lead and blood lead to breast milk lead were modified by breastfeeding practice, with the highest breast milk lead levels among women with a high level of patella lead who were exclusively breastfeeding. Dietary calcium supplementation increased the rate of decline in breast milk lead by 5-10%, in comparison with a placebo, over the course of lactation, suggesting that calcium supplementation may constitute an important intervention strategy, albeit with a modest effect, for reducing lead in breast milk and thus the potential for exposure by infants. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Blood Diet Hematologic Tests Lead Occupational Health Pregnancy Safety Women
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Bone And Bones Blood Analysis Blood Samples Bone Structure Breast Feeding Breast Milk Calcium Children Drugs Health Effects Human Humans Lactation Longitudinal Studies Milk Prenatal Exposure

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• ISSN:
  0002-9262
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Massachusetts ; OSHA Region 1
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  48-56
• Volume:
  163
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20055515
• Citation:
  Am J Epidemiol 2006 Jan; 163(1):48-56
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr. Adrienne S. Ettinger, Harvard School of Public Health, Landmark Center West, Room 421, 401 Park Drive, Boston, MA 02215
• Email:
  aettinge@hsph.harvard.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Calcium (CAS RN 7440-70-2) ; Lead (CAS RN 7439-92-1)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2006
• Performing Organization:
  Harvard School of Public Health
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Epidemiology
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c8973fd42ed3c0b9d14be428d9b5192c2173709faf7d3f9efa6e2aeacf053217fc14fc78ab19ad15b34ae4c0ad4f0aab92043c1d4fd5d10e49925623a93377a5
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/213352/cdc_213352_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 186.92 KB ]