Clinical Phenotypes of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in World Trade Center Responders

Details

• Personal Author:
  Ayappa I ; Black K ; Castillo B ; de la Hoz R ; Kim DH ; Parekh A ; Rapoport D ; Sunderram J
• Description:
  Introduction: The heterogeneity of symptoms in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients has been recently formalized into 3 distinct clusters: Sleepy, Disturbed Sleep, and Minimally Symptomatic. Our previous data showed that OSA is highly prevalent (>75%) in World Trade Center (WTC) responders, and positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment adherence is very poor (<20%). To better understand the heterogeneity of OSA in the WTC cohort, here we sought to examine the distribution of these distinct clinical phenotypes. Methods: 643 subjects with no history of OSA or reported loud and frequent snoring before 9/11/2001 from the WTC health program clinical centers at Rutgers RWJMS, New Jersey, NYU School of Medicine, and Icahn School Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York underwent 2 nights of home sleep testing using the ARES unicorder (SleepMed, Inc., West Palm Beach, FL, USA). Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), sleep onset insomnia, and sleep maintenance insomnia were assessed with questionnaires. OSA was defined as (AHI4% ≥5 or RDI ≥15/hr). The three clusters were defined as 1) Sleepy (ESS>10 and/or sleep onset/maintenance insomnia); 2) Disturbed Sleep (not sleepy (ESS ≤10) and sleep onset/maintenance insomnia); and 3) Minimally Symptomatic (not sleepy (ESS ≤10) and no sleep onset/maintenance insomnia). Distribution of clusters in the WTC cohort was compared to published data from the Sleep Apnea Global Interdisciplinary Consortium (SAGIC) and the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Results: Among the subjects diagnosed with OSA (N 440; AHI4%=13(15); RDI =28(19); median(iqr); 81% men; age, 33-87 years; BMI, 27.4+/-3.7 kg/m2), the distribution of clinical phenotypes was 31.4% sleepy, 48.9% disturbed sleep, and 19.7% minimally symptomatic, and did not differ between OSA severity groups. In comparison to SAGIC and HCHS/SOL, the WTC cohort exhibited significantly increased prevalence of the disturbed sleep phenotype (WTC vs SAGIC: 48.9% vs. 19.8%, 2=54.9; p<0.001; WTC vs. HCHS/SOL: 48.9% vs. 38.1%, 2=26.1, p<0.001). Conclusion: The predominant clinical phenotype of OSA in the WTC cohort is disturbed sleep (insomnia) and its prevalence is significantly greater than what has been observed in other large OSA cohorts. These findings may help explain the poor adherence to PAP treatment observed in the WTC cohort. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Emergency Responders Occupational Health Respiratory System Safety September 11 Terrorist Attacks
• Keywords:
  Clinical Symptoms Disaster Clean-up Emergency Responders Respiratory Function Sleep Apnea World Trade Center WTC
• ISSN:
  0161-8105
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  New Jersey ; New York ; OSHA Region 2
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  44
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20066247
• Citation:
  Sleep 2021 May; 44(Suppl 2):A159-A160
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2021
• Performing Organization:
  Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Start Date:
  20180701
• Source Full Name:
  Sleep
• Supplement:
  2
• End Date:
  20210630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:934b98c993135cf53af29502380e688654fe5aa33f3f07316dd178ceafda4973948249ccca5682736ddc971d2ad34165f862c4582d281677e1a1f0978d36f78c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/212729/cdc_212729_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 90.67 KB ]