The Surface Tension of Synthetic Blood Used for ASTM F1670 Penetration Tests

Details

• Personal Author:
  Furlong JL ; Jaques PA ; Portnoff L
• Description:
  The ASTM F1670 test method, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to Penetration by Synthetic Blood, was based on research involving transmission of bloodborne pathogens (Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV) in the 1980s. The test method details the measurement of synthetic blood penetration through garments. A key parameter affecting penetration is synthetic blood surface tension, which is measured via du Noüy ring tensiometer. However, little is known about the sources of variation impacting surface tension measurements. In this study, the synthetic blood used for ASTM F1670 was evaluated from within the ASTM F903 test apparatus, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing to Penetration by Liquids, and with two mixing treatments. Measurements were compared against two outside laboratories and with two alternate tensiometric methods (pendant drop and capillary rise). It was found that using the methods specified in the ASTM F1670 test method, surface tension of the synthetic blood was not 40-44 dynes/cm as was expected. The surface tension was initially above 50 dynes/cm and declined to below 40 dynes/cm after 60 minutes. The surface tension within the penetration cell was relatively constant over time, showing that the surface tension measurements outside the penetration cell are not indicative of the surface tension within the apparatus during the test. Shaking the synthetic blood, a mixing procedure detailed in the ASTM F1670 test method, increased the surface tension. The increase was greatest in a container having more airspace. Du Noüy ring measurements by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health compared to external labs were within 15 %. Testing with alternate methods showed that the "open to atmosphere" methods (ring and drop) began lower and declined rapidly when compared to the "closed to atmosphere" method (capillary). Results of this research will help amend the ASTM F1670 standard to better characterize the measurement and handling of synthetic blood used in the ASTM F1670 test and to provide a framework for consideration of test fluid used in future ASTM standards. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Atmosphere Blood Blood-Borne Pathogens Communicable Diseases Hematologic Diseases HIV Laboratories Occupational Health Personal Protective Equipment Protective Clothing Quality Control Safety

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• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Surface Tension Bloodborne Pathogens Clothing F1670 F1862 Fluid Penetration Fluids Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Human Immunodeficiency Virus Laboratory Techniques Laboratory Testing Liquid Penetration Materials Testing Measurement Equipment Performance Capability Performance Tests Personal Protective Equipment PPE Protective Clothing Quality Standards Standards Strike-through Surface Properties Synthetic Blood Synthetics Tension

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• ISSN:
  0090-3973
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 4 ; Pennsylvania ; South Carolina
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  NPPTL - National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  47
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20052073
• Citation:
  J Test Eval 2019 Mar; 47(2):1635-1644
• Contact Point Address:
  Lee Portnoff, National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pittsburgh, PA
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• NORA Priority Area:
  Healthcare and Social Assistance ; Public Safety
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Testing and Evaluation
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c7fb639d77fa56c0ead664c8d8c319f5888e7d585ef82ae23ea8fad5f0e836154202b048ba8861a628d76cfb3e49c1de396881a3cbc759dc0713c8b307321dad
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/211673/cdc_211673_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 5.89 MB ]