Transmission and Institutional Infection Control of Tuberculosis

Details

• Personal Author:
  Nardell EA
• Description:
  Tuberculosis (TB) transmission control in institutions is evolving with increased awareness of the rapid impact of treatment on transmission, the importance of the unsuspected, untreated case of transmission, and the advent of rapid molecular diagnostics. With active case finding based on cough surveillance and rapid drug susceptibility testing, in theory, it is possible to be reasonably sure that no patient enters a facility with undiagnosed TB or drug resistance. Droplet nuclei transmission of TB is reviewed with an emphasis on risk factors relevant to control. Among environmental controls, natural ventilation and upper-room ultraviolet germicidal ultraviolet air disinfection are the most cost-effective choices, although high-volume mechanical ventilation can also be used. Room air cleaners are generally not recommended. Maintenance is required for all engineering solutions. Finally, personal protection with fit-tested respirators is used in many situations where administrative and engineering methods cannot assure protection. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Communicable Diseases Disinfectants Environmental Monitoring Occupational Health Personal Protective Equipment Safety Tuberculosis Ventilation
• Keywords:
  Air Contaminants Air Monitoring Air Purifiers Contagious Diseases Disease Control Disease Prevention Germicides Infection Control Infectious Diseases Personal Protective Equipment PPE Safety Equipment TB Ultraviolet Radiation Ventilation Equipment Ventilation Systems

  More +
• ISSN:
  2157-1422
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Massachusetts ; OSHA Region 1
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  6
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20051959
• Citation:
  Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2016 Feb; 6(2):a018192
• Email:
  ean@hsph.harvard.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2016
• NORA Priority Area:
  Healthcare and Social Assistance
• Performing Organization:
  Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20060801
• Source Full Name:
  Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
• End Date:
  20170731
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:52c959b2f6895205224e43ce0a75557564d04b00734d11ec31ba866a152897d51e5dd6f38d32e5f9354b8a918d7a8ad3c412330e962c04b25bc83bfa289d0b87
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/211607/cdc_211607_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 492.80 KB ]