Spectral Reflectance Measurement of Evaporating Chemical Films: Initial Results and Application to Skin Permeation

Details

• Personal Author:
  Barbero AM ; Frasch, H. Fredrick ; Lee L
• Description:
  The current study has two aims. First the method of spectral reflectance was used to measure evaporation rates of thin (approximately 25-300 um) films of neat liquid volatile organic chemicals exposed to a well-regulated wind speed u. Gas phase evaporation mass transfer coefficient (kevap) measurements of 10 chemicals, 9 of which were measured at similar u, are predicted (slope of log-log data = 1.01; intercept = 0.08; R2 = 0.996) by a previously proposed mass transfer correlation. For one chemical, isoamyl alcohol, the dependence of kevap on u0.52 was measured, in support of the predicted exponent value of ½. Second, measured kevap of nicotine was used as an input in analytical models based on diffusion theory to estimate the absorbed fraction (Fabs) of a small dose (5 uL/cm2) applied to human epidermis in vitro. The measured Fabs was 0.062 +/- 0.023. Model-estimated values are 0.066 and 0.115. Spectral reflectance is a precise method of measuring kevap of liquid chemicals and the data are well-described by a simple gas phase mass transfer coefficient. For nicotine under the single exposure condition measured herein, Fabs is well-predicted from a theoretical model that requires knowledge of kevap, maximal dermal flux and membrane lag time. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Chemistry Occupational Health Safety Skin
• Keywords:
  Analytical Models Author Keywords: Diffusion Chemical Properties Chemicals Diffusion Analysis Gases In Vitro Models In Vitro Study Mathematical Models Passive Diffusion Percutaneous Skin Skin Exposure Solvent Evaporation Transdermal

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• ISSN:
  0022-3549
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  107
• Issue:
  8
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20051556
• Citation:
  J Pharm Sci 2018 Aug; 107(8):2251-2258
• Contact Point Address:
  H. Frederick Frasch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505
• Email:
  HFrasch@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c5335bab7c19b8aedea23d5ba360fb2dc1b1f767f784c45be6407b0faddf7210f1b359a7e25b76af207151c29e1895f29e9514a148284a9fe0feeb7a90b43eef
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/211453/cdc_211453_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.09 MB ]