Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Related Astroglial Proteins as Biomarkers of Neurotoxicity

Details

• Personal Author:
  O'Callaghan JP ; O'Callaghan JP
• Description:
  The glial reaction to nervous system damage, often termed gliosis, represents a hallmark of all types of nervous system injury. As such, development and implementation of gliosis biomarkers represents a broadly applicable approach for neurotoxicity safety assessment. Using a panel of known neurotoxic agents, we have previously shown that the astroglial protein, GFAP, can serve as one such biomarker of neurotoxicity. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of GFAP have shown this biomarker to be a sensitive and specific indicator of the neurotoxic condition. Decades ago, assays and immunohistochemistry of GFAP were used to detect and quantify TMT-induced damage to its known target, hippocampus, and to identify novel CNS targets damaged by this compound. These studies revealed the sensitivity and target specificity of the GFAP/glial biomarker-based approach to neurotoxicity assessment. In the current study, time-dependent and significant increases in GFAP reactivity was observed in hippocampus and increased protein levels were detected in plasma and serum. The GFAP data from the HESI pilot study using TMT was used as a metric to which other potential markers of neurotoxicity can be compared for relative sensitivity and specificity. GFAP and related glial biomarkers may serve as the basis for further development of molecular signatures predictive of adverse effects on the nervous system. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Blood Genetics Hazardous Substances Immune System Metals, Heavy Nervous System Nervous System Diseases Occupational Health Safety Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Blood Plasma Blood Serum Brain Function Brain Matter Cell Function Cell Proliferation Cellular Effects Cellular Reactions Central Nervous System Connective Tissue Exposure Assessment Genes Heavy Metals Immune Reaction Nervous System Nervous System Disorders Nervous System Function Neurological Reactions Neurotoxic Agents Neurotoxicity Neurotoxins Proteins Qualitative Analysis Quantitative Analysis Sensitivity Testing Target Organs Toxic Effects Toxic Materials

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary ; Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 6 ; Texas ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health ; Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America ; North America
• Volume:
  162
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20051281
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2018 Mar; 162(1):558
• CAS Registry Number:
  Trimethylstannane (CAS RN 1631-73-8) ; Trimethylstannane (CAS RN 1631-73-8)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing ; Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 57th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 11-15, 2018, San Antonio, Texas
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:1178c8a27a2c6f64592e63a137d5e38cfbb0ed75c9ce5f90aed4d535e56584b8ce32e5553edd63c1003eddea918a2a9e1e9a17c35e60e0f57c9da02256c84921
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/211328/cdc_211328_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 830.56 KB ]