Ototoxicity of Divalent Metals

Details

• Personal Author:
  Roth JA ; Salvi R
• Description:
  Excess exposure to both essential and non-essential heavy metals can lead to a variety of adverse clinical conditions which selectively affect a variety of organs and cells in the body. The diverse, but highly specific nature of the symptoms produced by each metal indicates that they can interact with a restricted population of cellular targets ultimately resulting in unique clinical manifestations. The symptoms, which can be reversible or irreversible, often present with different patterns and outcomes depending on the net accumulated dose of any given metal. There are some common pathological conditions that result from excess exposure to heavy metals which unfortunately have not received widespread recognition and thus, have not been extensively investigated. For example, chronic exposure to several heavy metals such as Co, Mn, Cd, Pb, and Hg has the potential to affect hearing in humans and experimental animals based on previous studies including case reports and ex vivo studies. Understanding exactly how these metals induce hearing deficits is complicated by the fact that the inner ear is an extremely complex system that composed of a diverse collection of sensory, neural, and supporting cells which must act in synchrony to produce a neurophysiological signal terminating in the central auditory system. This review will focus on the anatomical, cellular, and functional changes that occur in the cochlea, the sensory organ for hearing, due to excessive exposure to manganese, cadmium, cobalt, lead, and mercury. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Ear Environmental Exposure Hazardous Substances Hearing Hearing Loss Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced Laboratories Metals Occupational Health Pathology Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Sense Organs

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• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Metals Cellular Effects Cochlea Drugs Ears Exposure Levels Hair Cells Hearing Disorders Hearing Loss Humans Laboratory Animals Metal Compounds Metal Poisoning Neurophysiological Effects Ototoxicity Physiopathology Risk Factors Toxins

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• ISSN:
  1029-8428
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  New York ; OSHA Region 2
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  268-282
• Volume:
  30
• Issue:
  2
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20051175
• Citation:
  Neurotox Res 2016 Aug; 30(2):268-282
• Contact Point Address:
  Jerome A. Roth, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214
• Email:
  jaroth@buffalo.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Cadmium (CAS RN 7440-43-9) ; Carbon monoxide (CAS RN 630-08-0) ; Cobalt (CAS RN 7440-48-4) ; Lead (CAS RN 7439-92-1) ; Manganese (CAS RN 7439-96-5) ; Mercury (CAS RN 7439-97-6)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2016
• Performing Organization:
  State University of New York - Buffalo
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20120901
• Source Full Name:
  Neurotoxicity Research
• End Date:
  20170831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c28d2ee4e739e7418c009002ebc7f0143617e1c85601378898c4451bfe26031c7e399db672e30ea674bfc1dbee72cb9e34c028a442760e71b9e13bce4ea19fc3
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/211266/cdc_211266_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.08 MB ]