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Effects of State-Level Policy Changes on Homicide and Nonfatal Shootings of Law Enforcement Officers



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  • Personal Author:
  • Description:
    Objective: To evaluate the impact of state-level policy changes on assaults on law enforcement officers (LEOs) in the USA. Methods: Pooled time series and cross-sections with negative binomial regression were used to estimate the impact of state-level changes of right-to-carry (RTC), three-strikes and permit-to-purchase (PTP) handgun laws on fatal and non-fatal assaults of LEOs. LEO assaults were stratified by weapon type (all methods, handgun and non-handgun) and whether or not the assault was fatal. Data were collected from the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Law Enforcement Officers Killed and Assaulted database and analysed for the period 1984-2013 for fatal assaults and 1998-2013 for non-fatal assaults. Results: RTC laws showed no association with fatal (p>0.4) or non-fatal (p>0.15) assaults on LEOs. Three-strikes laws were associated with a 33% increase in the risk of fatal assaults on LEOs. Connecticut's PTP law was not associated with fatal (p>0.16) or non-fatal (p>0.13) assaults. Missouri's repeal of its PTP legislation was marginally associated with a twofold increased risk of non-fatal handgun assaults (p=0.089). Conclusions: This research indicates that three-strikes laws increase the risk of fatal assaults. RTC laws are not associated with increased risk of assault. Missouri's PTP repeal may increase the risk of non-fatal handgun assaults. [Description provided by NIOSH]
  • Subjects:
  • Keywords:
  • ISSN:
    1353-8047
  • Document Type:
    Text
  • Funding:
    Grant
  • Genre:
    Journal Article
  • Place as Subject:
  • CIO:
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
  • Topic:
    Workplace Safety & Health
  • Location:
    North America
  • Pages in Document:
    274-278
  • Volume:
    22
  • Issue:
    4
  • NIOSHTIC Number:
    nn:20050948
  • Citation:
    Inj Prev 2016 Aug; 22(4):274-278
  • Contact Point Address:
    Dr Cassandra Crifasi, Department of Health Policy and Management, Center for Gun Policy and Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N Broadway, Rm 588, Baltimore, MD 21205
  • Email:
    crifasi@jhu.edu
  • Federal Fiscal Year:
    2016
  • Performing Organization:
    Johns Hopkins University
  • Peer Reviewed:
    True
  • Start Date:
    20050701
  • Source Full Name:
    Injury Prevention
  • End Date:
    20280630
  • Collection(s):
  • Main Document Checksum:
    urn:sha-512:3a270495d219f85789bc33b4cfb590565b75da27780da2aeaaedb4d2da9f5bfec758c2cf56a58fd1430a14c0d1b9d7c3f8def3d1c61a199e94713f243b949143
  • Download URL:
  • File Type:
    Filetype[PDF - 305.12 KB ]
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