Internal Radiation Dosimetry Considerations for Working with Radioactive Nanomaterials: Guidance from NCRP Report 176

Details

• Personal Author:
  Guilmette RA ; Hoover, Mark D.
• Description:
  Internal dosimetry is the radiation safety program element that could potentially require the most attention due to the use of nano-sized radioactive materials (RNp). In NCRP Report 176 on Radiation Safety Aspects of Nanotechnology, the impact of exposure to RNp versus other sized radioactive materials has been considered from the viewpoints of (1) route of intake (i.e., inhalation, ingestion, wound, dermal), (2) biokinetic behavior in the intake tissues and organs (as well as the systemic organs) after reaching the blood, and (3) the selection and description of target organs and tissues for calculating doses. To address issues with the current models, Report 176 calls for investigations to better understand the behavior (e.g., deposition, biokinetics) of RNp in the body. In addition, new transport pathways and rates for nanoparticle translocation across the air-blood barrier need to be considered for inclusion in a new human respiratory tract model; accumulation of nanoparticles in secondary organs needs to be considered in an updated human respiratory tract model; the modeling of the systemic biokinetic behavior of RNp reaching the blood should be treated discretely from solubilized radionuclides in blood because the uptake, distribution and retention of particulate and soluble radionuclides systemically are often very different; and for chronic exposure conditions that involve nanoparticles, the potential for the accumulation of poorly soluble nanoparticles in secondary organs should be addressed. It is also noted that in future dosimetric models, chemical and particulate dosimetric quantities and factors may need to be evaluated in addition to the more traditional radiological dosimetric quantities for nanomaterials. In addition, the possibility that biological effects may occur as a result of combined insults from the radiological, chemical and particulate properties of RNp should be investigated. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Behavior Biochemistry Blood Lung Occupational Health Particulate Matter Radiation Radiation Dosimeters Respiratory System Safety
• Keywords:
  Biokinetics Dosimetry Gases Models Nanomaterials Nanotechnology Organs Particle Size Particulates Pulmonary System Radiation Measurement Radiation Protection Radioactive Materials Radioactive Particles Radionuclides Safety Programs

  More +
• ISSN:
  0017-9078
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  RHD - Respiratory Health Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  113
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20050593
• Citation:
  Health Phys 2017 May; 113(1):S79
• Email:
  mhoover1@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Health Physics
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:c7088fd8473c3c47d462a5df5c02372796817157c4625342d4143dc134e22b097a67d20fb13179c624c44abc970f27436d4e296d75eb5825b97d3cf553a2d9e9
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/210875/cdc_210875_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 85.35 KB ]