Prenatal Particulate Air Pollution Exposure and Body Composition in Urban Preschool Children: Examining Sensitive Windows and Sex-Specific Associations

Details

• Personal Author:
  Baccarelli A ; Chiu Y-HM ; Coull BA ; Hsu H-HL ; Kloog I ; Pendo MP ; Schwartz J ; Taveras EM ; Wilson A ; Wright RJ ; Wright RO
• Description:
  BACKGROUND: Evolving animal studies and limited epidemiological data show that prenatal air pollution exposure is associated with childhood obesity. Timing of exposure and child sex may play an important role in these associations. We applied an innovative method to examine sex-specific sensitive prenatal windows of exposure to PM2.5 on anthropometric measures in preschool-aged children. METHODS: Analyses included 239 children born > 37 weeks gestation in an ethnically-mixed lower-income urban birth cohort. Prenatal daily PM2.5 exposure was estimated using a validated satellite-based spatio-temporal model. Body mass index z-score (BMI-z), fat mass, % body fat, subscapular and triceps skinfold thickness, waist and hip circumferences and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were assessed at age 4.0 +/- 0.7 years. Using Bayesian distributed lag interaction models (BDLIMs), we examined sex differences in sensitive windows of weekly averaged PM2.5 levels on these measures, adjusting for child age, maternal age, education, race/ethnicity, and pre-pregnancy BMI. RESULTS: Mothers were primarily Hispanic (55%) or Black (26%), had ? 12 years of education (66%) and never smoked (80%). Increased PM2.5 exposure 8-17 and 15-22 weeks gestation was significantly associated with increased BMI z-scores and fat mass in boys, but not in girls. Higher PM2.5 exposure 10-29 weeks gestation was significantly associated with increased WHR in girls, but not in boys. Prenatal PM2.5 was not significantly associated with other measures of body composition. Estimated cumulative effects across pregnancy, accounting for sensitive windows and within-window effects, were 0.21 (95%CI = 0.01-0.37) for BMI-z and 0.36 (95%CI = 0.12-0.68) for fat mass (kg) in boys, and 0.02 (95%CI = 0.01-0.03) for WHR in girls, all per µg/m3 increase in PM2.5. CONCLUSIONS: Increased prenatal PM2.5 exposure was more strongly associated with indices of increased whole body size in boys and with an indicator of body shape in girls. Methods to better characterize vulnerable windows may provide insight into underlying mechanisms contributing to sex-specific associations. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Air Pollution Environmental Exposure Epidemiology Occupational Health Particulate Matter Pregnancy Race Factors Safety Sex Characteristics
• Keywords:
  Air Pollutants Air Pollution Anthropometry Author Keywords: Anthropometry BMI Body Mass Index Child Obesity Children Exposure Levels Models Obesity Particulate Matter Particulates Prenatal Exposure Racial Factors Sensitive Windows Sex Difference Sex Factors Statistical Analysis

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• ISSN:
  0013-9351
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Colorado ; Massachusetts ; New York ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 8 ; Tennessee
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  158
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20050280
• Citation:
  Environ Res 2017 Oct; 158:798-805
• Contact Point Address:
  Rosalind J. Wright, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2018
• Performing Organization:
  Mount Sinai School of Medicine
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Environmental Research
• End Date:
  20270630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:94fdf526287e32b6c3af68384deedd706c40aeb06c8584484f64e42747b1cfc37d5b96d63be59b4b0e41e828eea18a762e5a22272d14e65e38ca264802e438e9
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/210698/cdc_210698_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 589.71 KB ]