Effects of Pulmonary Exposure to Chemically-Distinct Welding Fumes on Neuroendocrine Markers of Toxicity

Details

• Personal Author:
  Antonini JM ; Johnson C ; Krajnak, Kristine M. ; Mercer R ; Miller, G. Roger ; Roberts, Jennifer R. ; Sriram K ; Wirth, Oliver
• Description:
  Exposure to welding fumes may result in disorders of the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems. Welders are also at a greater risk of developing symptoms similar to those seen in individuals with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. In welders, there are studies that suggest that alterations in circulating prolactin concentrations may be indicative of injury to the dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra. The goal of these studies was to use an established model of welding particulate exposure to mimic the effects of welding fume inhalation on reproductive functions. Since previous investigators suggested that changes in circulating prolactin may be an early marker of DA neuron injury, movement disorders, and reproductive dysfunction, prolactin, hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) levels (a marker of DA synthesis), and other measures of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) function were measured after repetitive instillation of welding fume particulates generated by flux core arc-hard surfacing (FCA-HS), manual metal arc-hard surfacing (MMA-HS) or gas metal arc-mild steel (GMA-MS) welding, or manganese chloride (MnCl2). Exposure to welding fume particulate resulted in the accumulation of various metals in the pituitary and testes of rats, along with changes in hypothalamic TH and serum prolactin levels. Exposure to particulates with high concentrations of soluble manganese (Mn) appeared to exert the greatest influence on TH activity levels and serum prolactin concentrations. Thus, circulating prolactin levels may serve as a biomarker for welding fume/Mn-induced neurotoxicity. Other reproductive measures were collected, and these data were consistent with epidemiological findings that prolactin and testosterone may serve as biomarkers of welding particulate induced DA neuron and reproductive dysfunction. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Animals Biomarkers Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Environmental Exposure Epidemiology Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Metals Nervous System Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Urogenital Diseases Urogenital System Welding

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• Keywords:
  Arc Welders Arc Welding Cardiopulmonary System Cardiopulmonary System Disorders Cardiovascular System Disease Cardiovascular System Disorders Exposure Levels Gas Welders Injuries Laboratory Animals Manganese Compounds Metal Compounds Metallic Compounds Models Neurotoxicity Parkinsons Disease Particulates Pituitary Glands Pulmonary Effects Pulmonary System Pulmonary System Disorders Reproductive Effects Reproductive System Reproductive System Disorders Risk Factors Testes Welders Welding Fumes

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• ISSN:
  1528-7394
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  301-314
• Volume:
  80
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20049887
• Citation:
  J Toxicol Environ Health A 2017 Jun; 80(5):301-314
• Contact Point Address:
  K. Krajnak, Engineering Controls and Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
• Email:
  ksk1@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Manganese (CAS RN 7439-96-5)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A: Current Issues
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0931dcc179acd9a3ad7b0ab27709288f924798f982d69c11e13912b3ced162bb0eaa80c670191da84b2066b66baf50b8f5db44dc26e219d4af92a19772621582
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/210483/cdc_210483_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.58 MB ]