The Association Between Precarious Employment and Stress Among Working Aged Individuals in the United States

Details

• Personal Author:
  Ahonen EQ ; Andrea SB ; Hajat A ; Mabrouk S ; Oddo VM ; Vignola EF ; Winkler MR
• Description:
  Objective: Precarious employment is a plausible stressor, which may adversely affect health. We investigated the association between multidimensional precarious employment and perceived and biological stress in the U.S. Methods: We used data from waves 4 (2008-2009) and 5 (2016-2018) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Eight indicators were mapped to five dimensions of precarious employment to create a continuous score (PES, range: 0-5): material rewards, working-time arrangements, stability, workers' rights, and interpersonal relationships. Perceived stress was constructed from the four-item Cohen's perceived stress score (PSS; range: 0-16; wave 4). We measured biological stress in waves 4 and 5 via C-reactive protein (CRP). Given variability in CRP collection between waves, we treated wave 4 and 5 as cross-sectional. We employed adjusted linear regression models to estimate whether the PES was associated with the PSS in wave 4 (n = 11,510) and CRP in waves 4 (n = 10,343) and 5 (n = 3452). Result: Individuals were aged 28 and 37 years on average in wave 4 and 5, respectively. Half were female and most identified as non-Hispanic (NH)-White (approx. 73 %), followed by NH-Black (approx. 14 %), Hispanic (approx. 9 %) and NH-other (approx. 4 %). Average PES was inversely related to education. The PSS averaged 8.1 (Interquartile Range [IQR] = 7.0,9.0). Average CRP was 4.4 mg/L (IQR = 0.8,5.0) in wave 4 and 3.6 mg/L (IQR = 0.8,4.2) in wave 5. The PES was associated with perceived stress (β=0.06; 95 % CI = 0.01,0.10) and CRP in wave 5 (β=0.34; 95 % CI = 0.07,0.62). Conclusions: Given the deleterious effects of stress on health, policies to reduce precarious employment warrant consideration. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Mental Health Nervous System Occupational Health Safety
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Employment Quality C-reactive Protein Cross Sectional Studies Longitudinal Study Mental Health Perceived Stress Score Precarious Work Psychosocial Factors SDOH Social Determinant Of Health Social Determinants Of Health Stress Work Arrangements

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• ISSN:
  0091-7435
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Atlanta Region [OSHA] ; Chicago Region [OSHA] ; Denver Region [OSHA] ; Georgia ; Illinois ; Oregon ; San Francisco Region [OSHA] ; Utah ; Washington
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  187
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20070129
• Citation:
  Prev Med 2024 Oct; 187:108123
• Contact Point Address:
  Vanessa M. Oddo, Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, 1919 W Taylor Street, MC 517, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
• Email:
  voddo@uic.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2025
• Performing Organization:
  University of Utah
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20210901
• Source Full Name:
  Preventive Medicine
• End Date:
  20260831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:9f63df9194eca7fa2b5378de2c256769810363d6cb2ef4bbe46d3cdbaecf4ef24ef26e484a60cbde1abae68f060fee920021db6a0d0c5e9fd3b47881053711b2
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/208413/cdc_208413_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 614.27 KB ]