Severe Childhood Trauma and Clinical and Neurocognitive Features in Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Details

• Personal Author:
  Calabrese WR ; Goodman M ; Hazlett EA ; Koenigsberg HW ; McClure MM ; New AS ; Perez-Rodriguez MM ; Rosell D ; Rutter S ; Velikonja T ; Velthorst E
• Description:
  Objective: Literature suggests that childhood trauma increases vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, including schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). Yet, it remains unexplored whether childhood trauma predicts symptom load and the level of neurocognitive functioning in SPD. Method: We included 225 individuals with SPD and 127 healthy controls. Childhood trauma was evaluated using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and schizotypal traits were assessed using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire. Standard neurocognitive assessments covered six cognitive domains. Results: All types of reported childhood trauma were significantly associated with SPD, in a linear fashion. Severe sexual abuse showed the greatest magnitude of association with higher cognitive-perceptual load (e.g., ideas of reference, odd belief or magical thinking); severe emotional neglect was associated with interpersonal scores (e.g., excessive social anxiety, constricted affect) within the SPD group. SPD individuals who reported severe trauma showed worse cognitive functioning (i.e., working memory, verbal/visual learning and memory, as well as verbal fluency). Conclusions: Particular severe childhood trauma types were associated with higher cognitive-perceptual and interpersonal symptoms in SPD, along with worse cognitive functioning. These findings highlight the need for clinicians to enquire about childhood trauma in SPD patients, since unaddressed early adverse experiences may carry long-term negative consequences. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Mental Health Nervous System Occupational Health Safety Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic Violence
• Keywords:
  Abuse Author Keywords: Abuse Childhood Adversity Children Cognition Cognitive Function Mental Health Neglect Neurological System Psychological Effects Psychosis Schizophrenia Spectrum Traumatic Incident Stress

  More +
• ISSN:
  0001-690X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Connecticut ; New York ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 2
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  50-64
• Volume:
  140
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20068589
• Citation:
  Acta Psychiatr Scand 2019 Jul; 140(1):50-64
• Contact Point Address:
  M. Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez, Psychiatry Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl., Psychiatry Box# 1230, New York, NY 10029, USA
• Email:
  mercedes.perez@mssm.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2019
• Performing Organization:
  Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20170701
• Source Full Name:
  Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
• End Date:
  20210630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:a32f45c975ac4927d6a519cd6edf96f81fac135b5a6950dc4cee5eb2f455cf5b0765f20a02e4861ed8b310cfdfc733a19c133a186861669fc179c95122b27d13
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/207195/cdc_207195_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 567.42 KB ]