Breakthrough time and adsorption capacity of respirator cartridges

Details

• Personal Author:
  Nelson, James H. ; Yoon YH
• Description:
  The breakthrough time and adsorption capacity of respirator cartridges for organic vapors were examined. A previously derived mathematical equation that related breakthrough times to fractional breakthrough on respirator cartridges containing a carbon adsorbent was applied to adsorption data for 121 organic chemicals to calculate the time required for 50% breakthrough (T50), the weight of compound adsorbed at breakthrough percentages of 1, 10, and 100%, and times required for 1 and 10% breakthrough. The assault concentration of each chemical was 1000 parts per million (ppm), the temperature 22 degrees-C, and the flow rate 53 liters per minute. The calculated values were compared with experimental values where available. Calculated values of the rate constant for adsorption, T50, times required for 1 and 10% breakthrough, and the amount adsorbed at 1, 10, and 100% breakthrough were tabulated. The calculated values generally agreed well with the experimental values. The times for 1 and 10% breakthrough of methanol (67561) and methyl-chloride (74873) were negative indicating the breakthrough of these compounds occurred almost immediately and that charcoal was not a good sorbent for either. A more detailed analysis of the effect of the weight of adsorbed acetone (67641), benzene (71432), carbon-tetrachloride (56235), dichloromethane (75092), diethylamine (109897), hexane (110543), isopropanol (67630), methyl-acetate (79209), and methyl-chloroform (71556) on three types of carbon respirator cartridges using assault concentrations of 50 to 3000ppm was performed. Saturation capacity, as indicated by breakthrough, decreased with increasing assault concentration. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Occupational Health Respiratory Protective Devices Safety
• Keywords:
  Adsorbents Chemical-cartridge-respirators Diffusion-analysis Industrial-hygiene Mathematical-models NIOSH-Grant NIOSH-Publication Organic-vapors Respirators Surface-properties
• ISSN:
  0002-8894
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Indiana ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  303-316
• Volume:
  53
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:00207515
• Citation:
  Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 1992 May; 53(5):303-316
• CAS Registry Number:
  1,1,1-Trichloroethane (CAS RN 71-55-6) ; Acetone (CAS RN 67-64-1) ; Benzene (CAS RN 71-43-2) ; Carbon tetrachloride (CAS RN 56-23-5) ; Dichloromethane (CAS RN 75-09-2) ; Diethylamine (CAS RN 109-89-7) ; Hexane (CAS RN 110-54-3) ; Isopropanol (CAS RN 67-63-0) ; Methanol (CAS RN 67-56-1) ; Methyl acetate (CAS RN 79-20-9) ; Methyl chloride (CAS RN 74-87-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  1992
• NORA Priority Area:
  Respirator Research
• Performing Organization:
  Chemistry Ball State University Muncie, IN 47306
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  19890401
• Source Full Name:
  American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal
• End Date:
  19910401
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:3f0fd3cd0d0c83548df8d93a01a962d631bc6d860328a4efbf94eaa799eb6b6766670e21dc0ed427fe85557e5b07cfe38e46f0f0f8b69344b6476bdcebc1e125
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/204261/cdc_204261_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.03 MB ]