Factors associated with employment status before and during pregnancy: implications for studies of pregnancy outcomes

Details

• Personal Author:
  Agopian AJ ; Bell E ; Bertke SJ ; Desrosiers TA ; Gilboa SM ; Lawson, Christina C. ; Rocheleau CM ; Romitti PA
• Corporate Authors:
  National Birth Defects Prevention Network
• Description:
  Background: Potential confounding or effect modification by employment status is frequently overlooked in pregnancy outcome studies. Methods: To characterize how employed and non-employed women differ, we compared demographics, behaviors, and reproductive histories by maternal employment status for 8,343 mothers of control (non-malformed) infants in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (1997-2007) and developed a multivariable model for employment status anytime during pregnancy and the 3 months before conception. Results: Sixteen factors were independently associated with employment before or during pregnancy, including: maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, pregnancy intention, periconceptional/first trimester smoking and alcohol consumption, and household income. Conclusions: Employment status was significantly associated with many common risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancy outcome studies should consider adjustment or stratification by employment status. In studies of occupational exposures, these differences may cause uncontrollable confounding if non-employed women are treated as unexposed instead of excluded from analysis. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Age Factors Alcoholic Beverages Behavior Demography Epidemiology Occupational Health Pregnancy Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Smokers Women Workplace

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• Keywords:
  Age Factors Alcohol Author Keywords: Employment BMI Body Mass Index Confounding Factors Demographic Characteristics Employee Health Employees Healthy Worker Effect Humans Models Risk Factors Smoking Work Environment Workers

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• ISSN:
  0271-3586
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Georgia ; Iowa ; North Carolina ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 4 ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 6 ; OSHA Region 7 ; Texas
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DSHEFS - Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  329-341
• Volume:
  60
• Issue:
  4
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20049501
• Citation:
  Am J Ind Med 2017 Apr; 60(4):329-341
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr. Carissa M. Rocheleau, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 4676 Columbia Parkway, MS R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226
• Email:
  crocheleau@cdc.gov
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  American Journal of Industrial Medicine
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:9ac998b5e0c198d808d5d858c399622b81849aab9758a65996e501bd9378be4e8f7ffc4380604223d16c72a8847afd438cac02cab973f5139b5f76f8f4c01345
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/203941/cdc_203941_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 141.13 KB ]