In vivo toxicological assessment of sanding dust generated from micronized copper azole pressure treated wood

Details

• Personal Author:
  Andrew M ; Battelli L ; Castranova, Vincent ; Echt, Alan S. ; Fedan, Jeffery S. ; Lee T ; McKinney W ; Mercer RR ; Orandle M ; Porter DW ; Qi C ; Qian Y ; Shaffer J ; Sisler JD ; Thomas T
• Description:
  Micronized copper azole (MCA) is a pressure lumber treatment to prevent weathering and fungal infiltrations. In this study, the in vivo toxicity of sanding dust generated from MCA was compared to that of copper azole treated (CAC) or untreated yellow pine (UYP) wood to determine if the micronized copper was more bioactive. Particle matter (PM2.5) was collected from sanding dust of each type of lumber and analyzed for metal content, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. MCA had a higher concentration of copper and generated smaller particles in comparison to CAC and UYP. Mice were exposed to three doses (28, 140, 280 microg) of UYP, MCA, or CAC, using pharyngeal aspiration. Lung damage and inflammation were examined 1 and 7 day post exposure, using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). Results showed that LDH activity was significantly increased at 1 day post exposure for 280 microg of MCA and CAC compared to UYP. MCA and CAC caused a dose-dependent increase in PMNs. There were also dose-dependent increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines in with the BALF from the MCA and CAC exposed groups at 1 day post exposure. However, there were no significant changes seen at 7 day post exposure. Histopathological analysis was performed to examine mouse lungs at 1 and 84 day post exposure at 280 microg. Results showed that exposure to all three materials resulted in acute inflammation with infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages; and the pulmonary response was more severe in the MCA and the CAC groups, compared to the UYP at 1 day post exposure. Furthermore, MCA caused a more severe inflammatory response than CAC at 1 day post exposure. At 84 day post exposure, there were no significant changes observed in any exposure group compared to saline control. Taken together, these data suggest that microCAC and CAC are both more bioactive than UYP; and, moreover, MCA is slightly more toxic in comparison to CAC. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Blood Body Fluids Copper Dust Environmental Exposure Enzymes Immune System Laboratories Lung Lung Diseases Macrophages Metals Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Safety Toxicology Wood

  More +
• Keywords:
  Biological Effects Body Fluids Cellular Reactions Copper Compounds Copper Dust Cytokines Dose Response Dust Analysis Dust Particles Enzymatic Effects Enzyme Activity Exposure Assessment Exposure Levels Histopathology Immune Reaction Immune System In Vivo Study Laboratory Animals Laboratory Testing Lung Disease Mass Spectrometry Metal Dusts Neutrophils Particulate Dust Particulates Pulmonary Effects Toxic Effects Wood Dust

  More +
• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division ; DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  156
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20049459
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2017 Mar; 156(1):327
• CAS Registry Number:
  Copper (CAS RN 7440-50-8)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing ; Construction
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 56th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 12-16, 2017, Baltimore, Maryland
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:831b8018edc3bab5e79816c1c90294b47a399cc53b82c649f1394bb01da1b9e24a080b2ec99acc10c232c2b08e4e7e11cee9e0c884516a8370716581e4db2e36
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/203903/cdc_203903_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 951.11 KB ]