Chemically-induced neuroinflammation and "sickness behavior" disorders

Details

• Personal Author:
  O'Callaghan JP
• Description:
  Neuroinflammation is a dominant theme in contemporary neuroscience. This is not surprising given the number of neurological disease states, e.g. Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's Disease, where neuroinflammation has been implicated. Thus, a clear association has emerged among neurodegenerative disorders, and the elaboration of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the CNS, the core feature of the neuroinflammatory condition. While neuroinflammation often occurs in association with damage to neurons and glia, it also can occur in the absence of neurodegeneration, e.g. where elevated concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines are seen with systemic infection. In these circumstances, neuroinflammation is associated with sickness behavior, i.e. a constellation of symptoms manifested in loss of appetite, fever, muscle pain, fatigue, and cognitive problems. Typically, sickness behavior accompanies an inflammatory response that resolves with time, with gradual restoration to homeostasis. However, chronic sickness behavior syndromes can also occur, and may be instigated or exacerbated by chemical exposures, both from the environment and pharmaceuticals. In this symposium, we bring together two junior investigators and two senior investigators to provide an overview of the central/peripheral immune system interactions that can contribute to the sickness behavior condition, and present recent preclinical and clinical data, as well as data from experimental models, on three sickness behavior disorders: Chemobrain, Gulf War Illness, and Chronic Fatigue. These presentations serve as examples of the chronic neuroinflammatory condition as an important chemical exposure issue, with implications beyond the disorders and exposures to be presented. The goal of the symposium is to provide a framework for considering alterations in the normal inflammatory response of the nervous system as a basis for complex neurological and physiological disorders that can be initiated or exacerbated by chemical or pharmaceutical exposure. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Behavior Biopharmaceutics Chronic Disease Environmental Exposure Hazardous Substances Immune System Nervous System Nervous System Diseases Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety Toxicology

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• Keywords:
  Behavior Patterns Biological Effects Biological Systems Brain Function Brain Matter Central Nervous System Chemical Hazards Chemicals Chronic Degenerative Diseases Chronic Diseases Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Chronic Inflammation Cytokines Environmental Exposure Exposure Assessment Health Effects Immune Reaction Immune System Military Personnel Neurological Disorders Neurological Reactions Neurophysiological Effects Neurotoxic Agents Occupational Exposure Pharmaceuticals Physiological Disorders

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; OSHA Region 3 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  305-306
• Volume:
  156
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20049442
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2017 Mar; 156(1):305-306
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2017
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 56th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 12-16, 2017, Baltimore, Maryland
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:58b69da448f7b7985b0822c93705b9e0d513c0256b8e842c4193e355c3f5f920b861b9b601135f38c95022a55a7a3f049e829d0d6ef055f5ffdc6f4e543799a9
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/203887/cdc_203887_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 955.42 KB ]