Adverse impact of sleep restriction and circadian misalignment on autonomic function in healthy young adults

Details

• Personal Author:
  Carter JR ; Grimaldi D ; Leproult R ; Van Cauter E
• Description:
  Insufficient sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances have been each associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in epidemiological studies, but experimental evidence for a causal link is scarce. The present study compares the impact of circadian misalignment (CM) to circadian alignment (CA) on human autonomic function using a nonrandomized parallel group design to achieve the same total sleep time in both conditions. After baseline assessments (3 days with 10-hour bedtimes), 26 healthy young adults were assigned to sleep restriction (SR; eight 5-hour bedtimes) with either fixed nocturnal bedtimes (CA; n=13) or bedtimes delayed by 8.5 hours on 4 of the 8 days (CM; n=13). Daytime ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate (HR; CA, n=11; CM, n=10) and 24-hour urinary norepinephrine levels (CA, n=13; CM, n=13) were assessed at baseline and the end of SR. Nocturnal HR and HR variability were analyzed during sleep at baseline and during the fourth and seventh nights of SR (CA, n=8; CM, n=12). SR resulted in a significant increase in daytime HR in both groups, without changes in blood pressure. SR increased 24-hour urinary norepinephrine in the CM group (30 +/- 4 versus 21 +/- 2 microg), but not in the circadian alignment group (group×condition, P=0.005). In contrast to the lack of detectable impact of CM on daytime autonomic function, SR with CM elicited greater increases in nocturnal HR, as well as greater reductions in vagal indices of HR variability, than SR without CM (group×condition, P<0.05). In conclusion, SR and CM both result in impaired autonomic function that could lead, under chronic conditions, to enhanced cardiovascular risk. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Circadian Rhythm Endocrine System Epidemiology Occupational Health Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Shift Work Schedule Sleep Sleep Initiation And Maintenance Disorders Urine

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• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Autonomic Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System Blood Pressure Cardiovascular-disease Cardiovascular-function Circadian-rhythms Circadian Rhythm Heart Heart-rate Heart Rate Hormone Activity Hormones Humans Hypertension Neurotransmitters Norepinephrine Organic Chemicals Physiological Effects Physiopathology Risk Factors Shift Work Shift Workers Sleep-deprivation Sleep-disorders Sleep Disorder Urinalysis

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• ISSN:
  0194-911X
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Illinois ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  243-250
• Volume:
  68
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20048155
• Citation:
  Hypertension 2016 Jul; 68(1):243-250
• Contact Point Address:
  Daniela Grimaldi, Sleep Metabolism and Health Center, Department of Medicine, MC1027, The University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637
• Email:
  dgrimaldi@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Noradrenaline (CAS RN 51-41-2)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2016
• Performing Organization:
  University of Chicago
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20090901
• Source Full Name:
  Hypertension
• End Date:
  20150831
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:0dfed4bbce77e651ad5313f5eb677a503cf639418dcf91a698191e312a01b795ac5ba5d9a21e30430c3b7a5b4d23eabbb510009a8b856460ef57933ad8546372
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/202978/cdc_202978_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.38 MB ]