Urban crash-related child pedestrian injury incidence and characteristics associated with injury severity

Details

• Personal Author:
  Friedman L ; Koopmans JM ; Kwon S ; Sheehan K
• Description:
  OBJECTIVE: Describe age-based urban pedestrian versus auto crash characteristics and identify crash characteristics associated with injury severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Secondary analysis of the 2004-2010 National Highway and Traffic Safety Administration database for Illinois. All persons in Chicago crashes with age data who were listed as pedestrians (n=7175 child age =19 yo, n=16,398 adult age =20 yo) were included. Incidence and crash characteristics were analyzed by age groups and year. Main outcome measures were incidence, crash setting, and injury severity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate injury severity by crash characteristics. RESULTS: Overall incidence was higher for child (146.6 per 100,000) versus adult (117.3 per 100,000) pedestrians but case fatality rate was lower (0.7% for children, 1.7% for adults). Child but not adult pedestrian injury incidence declined over time (trend test p<0.0001 for <5 yo, 5-9 yo, and 10-14 yo; p<0.05 for 15-19 yo, p=0.96 for =20 yo). Most crashes for both children and adults took place during optimal driving conditions. Injuries were more frequent during warmer months for younger age groups compared to older (?(2)p<0.001). Midblock crashes increased as age decreased (p<0.0001 for trend). Most crashes occurred at sites with sub-optimal traffic controls but varied by age (p<0.0001 for trend). Crashes were more likely to be during daylight on dry roads in clear weather conditions for younger age groups compared to older (?(2)p<0.001). Daylight was associated with less severe injury (child OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.87-0.98; adult OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.87-0.93). CONCLUSION: The incidence of urban pedestrian crashes declined over time for child subgroups but not for adults. The setting of pedestrian crashes in Chicago today varies by age but is similar to that seen in other urban locales previously. Injuries for all age groups tend to be less severe during daylight conditions. Age-based prevention efforts may prove beneficial. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Accidents, Occupational Aging Automobiles Epidemiology Men Morbidity Mortality Occupational Health Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Women

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• Keywords:
  Accidents Age Groups Author Keywords: Adolescent Child Children Humans Injuries Morbidity Rates Mortality Rates Motor Vehicles Pedestrian Injury Risk Factors Statistical Analysis Urban

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• ISSN:
  0001-4575
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Cooperative Agreement
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Illinois ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  127-136
• Volume:
  77
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20048105
• Citation:
  Accid Anal Prev 2015 Apr; 77:127-136
• Contact Point Address:
  Joy M. Koopmans, Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Box 62, Chicago, IL 60611-2605
• Email:
  jkoopmans@luriechildrens.org
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2015
• Performing Organization:
  University of Illinois at Chicago
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20100701
• Source Full Name:
  Accident Analysis and Prevention
• End Date:
  20150630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:efb5c23167a3aadef8e85de8de21f918eb1930ad3423b3899e587e0ef3a3674c539bce34b319a07847d2258c5b14efe6253d0c00c8ce592b5657e5a4f0816592
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/202967/cdc_202967_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 828.35 KB ]