Effects of intratracheally instilled laser printer-emitted engineered nanoparticles in a mouse model: a case study of toxicological implications from nanomaterials released during consumer use

Details

• Personal Author:
  Castranova, Vincent ; Demokritou P ; Godleski J ; Guo N ; Koturbash I ; Lu X ; Miousse I ; Pirela SV ; Qian Y ; Sisler JD ; Thomas T
• Description:
  Incorporation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) into toners used in laser printers has led to countless quality and performance improvements. However, the release of ENMs during printing (consumer use) has raised concerns about their potential adverse health effects. The aim of this study was to use "real world" printer-emitted particles (PEPs), rather than raw toner powder, and assess the pulmonary responses following exposure by intratracheal instillation. Nine-week old male Balb/cmice were exposed to various doses of PEPs (0.5, 2.5 and 5mg/kg bodyweight) by intratracheal instillation. These exposure doses are comparable to real world human inhalation exposures ranging from 13.7 to 141.9 h of printing. Toxicological parameters reflecting distinct mechanisms of action were evaluated, including lung membrane integrity, inflammation and regulation of DNA methylation patterns. Results from this in vivo toxicological analysis showed that while intratracheal instillation of PEPs caused no changes in the lung membrane integrity, there was a pulmonary immune response, indicated by an elevation in neutrophil and macrophage percentage over the vehicle control and low dose PEPs groups. Additionally, exposure to PEPs upregulated expression of the Ccl5 (Rantes), Nos1 and Ucp2 genes in themurine lung tissue andmodified components of the DNA methylation machinery (Dnmt3a) and expression of transposable element (TE) LINE-1 compared to the control group. These genes are involved in both the repair process from oxidative damage and the initiation of immune responses to foreign pathogens. The results are in agreementwith findings from previous in vitro cellular studies and suggest that PEPs may cause immune responses in addition tomodifications in gene expression in the murine lung at doses that can be comparable to realworld exposure scenarios, thereby raising concerns of deleterious health effects. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Laboratories Lung Occupational Health Particulate Matter Printing Respiratory System Safety Toxicology
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Nanoparticles Emission Sources Epigenetics Inflammation Inhalation Laboratory Animals Laser Printers Lung Tissue Nanoparticles Particulates Printer-emitted Particles Printers

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• ISSN:
  2452-0748
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Contract
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Arkansas ; Maryland ; Massachusetts ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 6 ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  1-8
• Volume:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20047520
• Citation:
  NanoImpact 2016 Jan; 1:1-8
• Contact Point Address:
  Philip Demokritou, Department of Environmental Health, Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 665 Huntington Avenue, Room 1310, Boston, MA 02115, United States
• Email:
  pdemokri@hsph.harvard.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2016
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  NanoImpact
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:7713eeb480401f443a0a2bafc3860e08cb3bf1e5e3d8ad8b752a70f3ed033cb1628bbbc49967463c9bc86ffbdfc91e17158de67c1663abaab84efd3eff777bbb
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/202559/cdc_202559_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 1.10 MB ]