Hexavalent chromium and isocyanate exposures during military aircraft painting under crossflow ventilation

Details

• Personal Author:
  Bennett JS ; Breay J ; Hammond, Duane R. ; Marlow, David A. ; Nourian F
• Description:
  Exposure control systems performance was investigated in an aircraft painting hangar. The ability of the ventilation system and respiratory protection program to limit worker exposures was examined through air sampling during painting of F/A-18C/D strike fighter aircraft, in four field surveys. Air velocities were measured across the supply filter, exhaust filter, and hangar midplane under crossflow ventilation. Air sampling conducted during painting process phases (wipe-down, primer spraying, and topcoat spraying) encompassed volatile organic compounds, total particulate matter, Cr[VI], metals, nitroethane, and hexamethylene diisocyanate, for two worker groups: sprayers and sprayer helpers ("hosemen"). One of six methyl ethyl ketone and two of six methyl isobutyl ketone samples exceeded the short term exposure limits of 300 and 75 ppm, with means 57 ppm and 63 ppm, respectively. All 12 Cr[VI] 8-hr time-weighted averages exceeded the recommended exposure limit of 1 ug/m3, 11 out of 12 exceeded the permissible exposure limit of 5 ug/m3, and 7 out of 12 exceeded the threshold limit value of 10 ug/m3, with means 38 ug/m3 for sprayers and 8.3 ug/m3 for hosemen. Hexamethylene diisocyanate means were 5.95 ug/m3 for sprayers and 0.645 ug/m3 for hosemen. Total reactive isocyanate group. the total of monomer and oligomer as NCO group mass.showed six of 15 personal samples exceeded the United Kingdom Health and Safety Executive workplace exposure limit of 20 ug/m3, with means 50.9 ug/m3 for sprayers and 7.29 ug/m3 for hosemen. Several exposure limits were exceeded, reinforcing continued use of personal protective equipment. The supply rate, 94.4 m3/s (200,000 cfm), produced a velocity of 8.58 m/s (157 fpm) at the supply filter, while the exhaust rate, 68.7 m3/s (146,000 cfm), drew 1.34 m/s (264 fpm) at the exhaust filter. Midway between supply and exhaust locations, the velocity was 0.528 m/s (104 fpm). Supply rate exceeding exhaust rate created re-circulations, turbulence, and fugitive emissions, while wasting energy. Smoke releases showing more effective ventilation here than in other aircraft painting facilities carries technical feasibility relevance. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Aircraft Air Movements Metals Occupational Health Paint Particulate Matter Respiratory Protective Devices Safety Ventilation
• Keywords:
  Aircraft Painting Air Flow Author Keywords: Ventilation Exposure Assessment Hexavalent Chromium Isocyanates Metal Compounds Organic Compounds Painters Paints Particulates Respiratory Protection Spray Painting

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• ISSN:
  1545-9624
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 9
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  356-371
• Volume:
  13
• Issue:
  5
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20047179
• Citation:
  J Occup Environ Hyg 2016 May; 13(5):356-371
• Contact Point Address:
  James S. Bennett, National Institute for Occupational Health, Division of Applied Research Technology, 1150 Tusculum Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45226
• Email:
  jbennett@cdc.gov
• CAS Registry Number:
  Cumene (CAS RN 98-82-8) ; Hexamethylene diisocyanate (CAS RN 822-06-0) ; Methyl ethyl ketone (CAS RN 78-93-3) ; Methyl isobutyl ketone (CAS RN 108-10-1) ; Nitroethane (CAS RN 79-24-3)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2016
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:902a3208c6ed0a39d67333930f6a9c8c4c806d3cd77da2ced25587b3e45fb700563032fad9fa2cf3c501a42fe01ad65245181c6f68e9818216a8b2e7b4686a51
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/202342/cdc_202342_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 953.08 KB ]