Smoking Status as a Predictor of Hip Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women of Northwest Texas

Details

• Journal Article:
  Preventing Chronic Disease (PCD)
• Personal Author:
  Denison, Anne V ; Jenkins, Marjorie R
• Description:
  Introduction
  
  The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cigarette smoking on the risk of hip fracture for postmenopausal women living in rural and urban areas of Northwest Texas.
  
  Methods
  
  Using an unmatched case-control design, we compared postmenopausal women who had recently experienced osteoporotic hip fracture with women who had not. Both study groups completed a questionnaire on demographic, clinical, and behavioral risk factors for osteoporotic hip fracture. We categorized smoking status as never smoked, former smoker, and current smoker. Covariates included age, weight, age at menopause, physical activity, estrogen replacement, calcium supplementation, and rurality. We used univariate and multivariate logistic regressions to test the associations between hip fracture and the independent variables of interest.
  
  Results
  
  We found an increased risk of hip fracture for former smokers (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22–4.21) and current smokers (adjusted OR, 3.72; 95% CI, 1.59–8.70). Residence in a rural county (population <100,000) also was associated with increased risk (adjusted OR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.48–4.95).
  
  Conclusion
  
  Former and current smoking increased the risk of hip fracture in this population of postmenopausal women.
  
  
• Subjects:
  Aged Aged, 80 And Over Age Distribution Bone Density Case-Control Studies Female Hip Fractures Humans Incidence Logistic Models Middle Aged Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal Predictive Value Of Tests Probability Reference Values Risk Assessment Rural Population Smoking Urban Population

  More +
• Source:
  Prev Chronic Dis. 2008; 5(1).
• ISSN:
  1545-1151
• Document Type:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Texas
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  5
• Issue:
  1
• Collection(s):
  Preventing Chronic Disease
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:d5a1668102b13e3bb28a72afb775532205ed4d6d9d05fa30b6f0e398e4b76b9418dfdd6279f78173e708abc72ca3f48cf53c0284877a538bcf71a44e2bb23738
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/20198/cdc_20198_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 428.74 KB ]