A toxicology suite adapted for comparing parallel toxicity responses of model human lung cells to diesel exhaust particles and their extracts

Details

• Personal Author:
  Handorean A ; Hernandez M ; McCabe KM ; Snawder, John E. ; Turner J
• Description:
  Epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) can be an important risk factor for some common respiratory diseases. While many studies have shown that PM exposures are associated with inflammatory reactions, the role of specific cellular responses in the manifestation of primary hypersensitivities and the progression of respiratory diseases remains unclear. In order to better understand mechanisms by which PM can exert adverse health effects, more robust approaches to support in vitro studies are warranted. In response to this need, a group of accepted toxicology assays was adapted to create an analytical suite for screening and evaluating the effects of important, ubiquitous atmospheric pollutants on two model human lung cell lines (epithelial and immature macrophage). To demonstrate the utility of this suite, responses to intact diesel exhaust particles (DEP) and mass-based equivalent doses of their organic extracts were examined. Results suggest that extracts have the potential to induce greater biological responses than those associated with their colloidal counterpart. Additionally, macrophage cells appear to be more susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of both intact DEP and their organic extract, than epithelial cells tested in parallel. As designed, the suite provided a more robust basis for characterizing toxicity mechanisms than the analysis of any individual assay. Findings suggest that cellular responses to PM are cell line dependent, and show that the collection and preparation of PM and/or their extracts have the potential to impact cellular responses relevant to screening fundamental elements of respiratory toxicity. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Air Pollutants, Occupational Dust Epidemiology Lung Occupational Health Particulate Matter Respiratory System Respiratory Tract Diseases Risk Assessment Risk Factors Safety Toxicology Vehicle Emissions

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• Keywords:
  Airborne-dusts Airborne-particles Cell-function Cellular-function Diesel-exhausts Exhaust-systems Exposure-levels Lung-cells Particulate-dust Particulates Pollutants Pulmonary-function Pulmonary-system Pulmonary-system-disorders Respiration Respiratory-system-disorders Risk-factors

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• ISSN:
  0278-6826
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Colorado ; Ohio ; Oregon ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 5 ; OSHA Region 8
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  DART - Division of Applied Research and Technology
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  49
• Issue:
  8
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20046582
• Citation:
  Aerosol Sci Technol 2015 Aug; 49(8):599-610
• Contact Point Address:
  Mark Hernandez, Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado, 4355 Butler Circle, Boulder, CO 80303
• Email:
  markhernandez@colorado.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2015
• NORA Priority Area:
  Construction ; Transportation, Warehousing and Utilities
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Source Full Name:
  Aerosol Science and Technology
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:ec2048fc664ade6c28893c6aa130f2951130189ef75338aeaa0ecaee6c6d7b8afdfa95196191e6d2bd8a5e41b0d3ca0a82039cb9811f9a2a7e040b0abb0ec468
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/201593/cdc_201593_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 511.83 KB ]