Tracking translocation of industrially relevant engineered nanomaterials across alveolar epithelial monolayers in vitro

Details

• Personal Author:
  Brain J ; Cohen J ; Demokritou P ; Derk R ; Godleski JJ ; Wang L
• Description:
  Relatively little is known about the fate of industrially relevant engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in the lungs regarding translocation across the epithelial lining layer. Such processes may lead to subsequent effects on particle clearance, toxic effects or both. To allow precise quantitation of translocation across lung epithelial cells, we developed a method for tracking metal oxide ENMs in vitro using neutron activation. The versatility and sensitivity of the proposed in vitro epithelial translocation (INVET) system was demonstrated using a variety of industry relevant ENMs including CeO2 of various primary particle diameter, ZnO, and SiO2-coated CeO2 and ZnO particles. ENMs were neutron activated, forming gamma emitting isotopes 141Ce and 65Zn, respectively. Calu-3 lung epithelial cells cultured to confluency on transwell inserts were exposed to neutron-activated ENM dispersions at sub-lethal doses to investigate the link between ENM properties and translocation potential. The effects of ENM exposure on monolayer integrity was monitored by various methods. ENM translocation across the cellular monolayer was assessed by gamma spectrometry following 2, 4 and 24 h of exposure. Our results demonstrate that ENMs translocated in small amounts (e.g.<0.01% of the delivered dose at 24 h), predominantly via transcellular pathways without compromising monolayer integrity or disrupting tight junctions. It was also demonstrated that the delivery of particles in suspension to cells in culture is proportional to translocation, emphasizing the importance of accurate dosimetry when comparing ENM-cellular interactions for large panels of materials. The reported INVET system for tracking industrially relevant ENMs while accounting for dosimetry can be a valuable tool for investigating ENM-cell interactions in the future. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Cells, Cultured Environmental Monitoring Lung Metals Occupational Health Radiation Dosimeters Respiratory System Safety Silicon Compounds Toxicology Zinc Compounds

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• Keywords:
  Analytical-processes Biological-monitoring Cell-culture-techniques Cellular-reactions Cellular-transport-mechanism Cerium-compounds Dioxides Dispersion Dose-response Dosimetry Exposure-assessment Gamma-rays In-vitro-study Isotope-effect Lung-cells Lung-function Metal-compounds Metal-oxides Monitoring-systems Nanotechnology Neutron-activation-spectrometry Oxides Silicon-compounds Zinc-compounds

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• ISSN:
  1096-6080
• Document Type:
  Text
• Genre:
  Abstract or Summary
• Place as Subject:
  California ; Massachusetts ; OSHA Region 1 ; OSHA Region 10 ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 9 ; Washington ; West Virginia
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Division:
  HELD - Health Effects Laboratory Division
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Volume:
  144
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20045989
• Citation:
  Toxicologist 2015 Mar; 144(1):416
• CAS Registry Number:
  Ceria (CAS RN 1306-38-3) ; Silica (CAS RN 7631-86-9) ; Zinc oxide (ZnO) (CAS RN 1314-13-2)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2015
• NORA Priority Area:
  Manufacturing
• Peer Reviewed:
  False
• Source Full Name:
  The Toxicologist. Society of Toxicology 54th Annual Meeting and ToxExpo, March 22-26, 2015, San Diego, California
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:842dca0741047431210a5729d956ee284029d12660bd7ee5cfbd66a9998c2204a7b5b4a49b96a547487e2d9fa082ad79dcaff59943b60f3a2c51a42e36748bc2
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/201188/cdc_201188_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 228.98 KB ]