Using thermal stress to model aspects of disease states

Details

• Personal Author:
  Klabunde RE ; Monahan KD ; Wilson TE
• Description:
  Exposure to acute heat or cold stress elicits numerous physiological responses aimed at maintaining body temperatures. Interestingly, many of the physiological responses, mediated by the cardiovascular and autonomic nervous systems, resemble aspects of, or responses to, certain disease states. The purpose of this Perspective is to highlight some of these areas in order to explore how they may help us better understand the pathophysiology underlying aspects of certain disease states. The benefits of using this human thermal stress approach are that (1) no adjustments for inherent comparative differences in animals are needed, (2) non-medicated healthy humans with no underlying co-morbidities can be studied in place of complex patients, and (3) more mechanistic perturbations can be safely employed without endangering potentially vulnerable populations. Cold stress can be used to induce stable elevations in blood pressure. Cold stress may also be used to model conditions where increases in myocardial oxygen demand are not met by anticipated increases in coronary blood flow, as occurs in older adults. Lower-body negative pressure has the capacity to model aspects of shock, and the further addition of heat stress improves and expands this model because passive-heat exposure lowers systemic vascular resistance at a time when central blood volume and left-ventricular filling pressure are reduced. Heat stress can model aspects of heat syncope and orthostatic intolerance as heat stress decreases cerebral blood flow and alters the Frank-Starling mechanism resulting in larger decreases in stroke volume for a given change in left-ventricular filling pressure. Combined, thermal perturbations may provide in vivo paradigms that can be employed to gain insights into pathophysiological aspects of certain disease states. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Body Temperature Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular System Cold Temperature Heat Stress Disorders Hot Temperature Nervous System Occupational Health Safety Temperature
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Heat Stress Biological-effects Body-temperature Cardiovascular-system Cardiovascular-system-disease Cardiovascular-system-disorders Cold Stress Diseases Humans Models Myocardial Ischemia Nervous-system Orthostatic Intolerance Physiological-response Physiology Physiopathology Shock Stress Temperature-effects Thermal-effects

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• ISSN:
  0306-4565
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Indiana ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5 ; Pennsylvania
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  24-32
• Volume:
  43
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20045749
• Citation:
  J Therm Biol 2014 Jul; 43:24-32
• Contact Point Address:
  Thad E. Wilson, Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michael A. Evans Center for Health Sciences, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222
• Email:
  twilson@marian.edu
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2014
• Performing Organization:
  University of Cincinnati
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Thermal Biology
• End Date:
  20260630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:117bd526d585c60f7dfdff712875b6fd72839c137fe0229c41ef861d82a564f6dacd6773baf14c22eee6569f0641aa6af7e2c8132c7a0644bca8eccea03daa0c
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/201045/cdc_201045_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 10.02 MB ]