Uranium associations with kidney outcomes vary by urine concentration adjustment method

Details

• Personal Author:
  Agnew J ; Fadrowski J ; Jaar BG ; Kim N-S ; Lee B-K ; Matanoski G ; Parsons PJ ; Schwartz BS ; Shelley R ; Simon D ; Steuerwald AJ ; Todd AC ; Weaver VM
• Description:
  Uranium is a ubiquitous metal that is nephrotoxic at high doses. Few epidemiologic studies have examined the kidney filtration impact of chronic environmental exposure. In 684 lead workers environmentally exposed to uranium, multiple linear regression was used to examine associations of uranium measured in a 4-h urine collection with measured creatinine clearance, serum creatinine- and cystatin-C-based estimated glomerular filtration rates, and N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosaminidase (NAG). Three methods were utilized, in separate models, to adjust uranium levels for urine concentration--µg uranium/g creatinine; µg uranium/l and urine creatinine as separate covariates; and µg uranium/4 h. Median urine uranium levels were 0.07 µg/g creatinine and 0.02 µg/4 h and were highly correlated (rs=0.95). After adjustment, higher ln-urine uranium was associated with lower measured creatinine clearance and higher NAG in models that used urine creatinine to adjust for urine concentration but not in models that used total uranium excreted (µg/4 h). These results suggest that, in some instances, associations between urine toxicants and kidney outcomes may be statistical, due to the use of urine creatinine in both exposure and outcome metrics, rather than nephrotoxic. These findings support consideration of non-creatinine-based methods of adjustment for urine concentration in nephrotoxicant research. [Description provided by NIOSH]
• Subjects:
  Environmental Exposure Epidemiology Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Safety Urine
• Keywords:
  Author Keywords: Creatinine Chronic Exposure Environmental Exposure Exposure Assessment Kidney Function Metals Uranium Urinalysis
• ISSN:
  1559-0631
• Document Type:
  Text
• Funding:
  Grant
• Genre:
  Journal Article
• Place as Subject:
  Maryland ; New York ; Ohio ; OSHA Region 2 ; OSHA Region 3 ; OSHA Region 5
• CIO:
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
• Topic:
  Workplace Safety & Health
• Location:
  North America
• Pages in Document:
  58-64
• Volume:
  24
• Issue:
  1
• NIOSHTIC Number:
  nn:20044306
• Citation:
  J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2014 Jan-Feb; 24(1):58-64
• Contact Point Address:
  Dr. Virginia M. Weaver, Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room 7041, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
• Email:
  vweaver@jhsph.edu
• CAS Registry Number:
  Uranium (CAS RN 7440-61-1)
• Federal Fiscal Year:
  2014
• Performing Organization:
  Johns Hopkins University
• Peer Reviewed:
  True
• Start Date:
  20050701
• Source Full Name:
  Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology
• End Date:
  20280630
• Collection(s):
  National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
• Main Document Checksum:
  urn:sha-512:18e8b0426044fd967998c60fc24ca628d71b1b1838fcf5a42a33e7131f5b2dd8bb90432817074f7db3295f83579a43c10cec6de1bc55581b0018c98866c92598
• Download URL:
  https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/200041/cdc_200041_DS1.pdf
• File Type:
  [PDF - 297.43 KB ]